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  2. Natural wine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_wine

    Some sources claim that the movement started with winemakers in the Beaujolais region of France in the 1960s. Several winemakers, namely Marcel Lapierre, Jean Foillard, Charly Thevenet, and Guy Breton, sought a return to the way their grandparents made wine, before the incursion of pesticides and synthetic chemicals that had become so prevalent in agriculture after the end of World War II.

  3. Glossary of winemaking terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_winemaking_terms

    Winemaking conditions that promote exposure to oxygen, such wine barrels kept partially full in order to oxidatively age the wine Aging barrels Aging barrel A barrel, often made of oak, used to age wine or distilled spirits. Alcohol Generally refers to ethanol, a chemical compound found in alcoholic beverages. It is also commonly used to refer ...

  4. Glossary of viticulture terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_viticulture_terms

    A place where grape vines are grown for wine making purposes. Vintage The year in which a particular wine's grapes were harvested. When a vintage year is indicated on a label, it signifies that all the grapes used to make the wine in the bottle were harvested in that year. Viticulture The cultivation of grapes. Not to be confused with viniculture.

  5. Viticulture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viticulture

    Viticulturists are often intimately involved with winemakers, because vineyard management and the resulting grape characteristics provide the basis from which winemaking can begin. A great number of varieties are now approved in the European Union as true grapes for winegrowing and viticulture.

  6. Chaptalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaptalization

    The legality of chaptalization varies by country, region, and even wine type. In general, it is legal in regions that produce grapes with low sugar content, such as the northern regions of France, Germany, and the United States. Chaptalization is, however, prohibited in Argentina, Australia, California, Italy, Portugal, Spain and South Africa.

  7. Oenology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oenology

    Oenology (also enology; / iː ˈ n ɒ l ə dʒ i / [1] [2] ee-NOL-o-jee) is the science and study of wine and winemaking.Oenology is distinct from viticulture, which is the science of the growing, cultivation, and harvesting of grapes. [3]

  8. Winemaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winemaking

    The history of wine-making stretches over millennia. There is evidence that suggests that the earliest wine production took place in Georgia and Iran around 6000 to 5000 B.C. [1] The science of wine and winemaking is known as oenology. A winemaker may also be called a vintner. The growing of grapes is viticulture and there are many varieties of ...

  9. Wine chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_chemistry

    A wine fault or defect is an unpleasant characteristic of a wine often resulting from poor winemaking practices or storage conditions, and leading to wine spoilage. Many of the compounds that cause wine faults are already naturally present in wine but at insufficient concentrations to adversely affect it.