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[3] Swiss ophthalmologist Marc Amsler described the Amsler grid in the year 1945. It was the first functional test proposed to evaluate metamorphopsia. [4] He may have gotten the idea of the grid from Edmund Landolt, who used a similar small card with a grid pattern to be kept in the center of the visual field testing instrument perimeter. [3]
The commonly used Ishihara test is used to detect mainly congenital red-green color blindness, but its usefulness is limited in detecting acquired color vision deficiencies. [3] But City University test contains test plates that can be used to detect all types of color vision deficiencies. [4] The TCU test was derived from Farnsworth D15 color ...
The Worth Four Light Test, also known as the Worth's four dot test or W4LT, is a clinical test mainly used for assessing a patient's degree of binocular vision and binocular single vision. Binocular vision involves an image being projected by each eye simultaneously into an area in space and being fused into a single image.
The color vision of dichromats can be represented in a 2-dimensional plane, where one coordinate represented brightness, and the other coordinate represents hue. However, the perception of hue is not directly analogous to trichromatic hue , but rather a spectrum diverging from white (neutral) in the middle to two unique hues at the extreme, e.g ...
In addition to this, the LEA symbols test has been experimentally verified to be both a valid and reliable measure of visual acuity. As is desirable of a good vision test, each of the four optotypes used in the symbols test has been proven to measure visual acuity similarly and blur equally as well, supporting the test's internal consistency. [3]
The Ishihara test is a color vision test for detection of red–green color deficiencies. It was named after its designer, Shinobu Ishihara, a professor at the University of Tokyo, who first published his tests in 1917. [2] The test consists of a number of Ishihara plates, which are a type of pseudoisochromatic plate.
An anomaloscope requires a subject to make a color match between a mixture color and a test color. The test color is a single spectral color, for which the subject can adjust the brightness. The mixture color combines two spectral colors, for which the subject can adjust the proportion, thereby changing the hue. These two colored lights are ...
A white point (often referred to as reference white or target white in technical documents) is a set of tristimulus values or chromaticity coordinates that serve to define the color "white" in image capture, encoding, or reproduction. [1] Depending on the application, different definitions of white are needed to give acceptable results.