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The Bible mentions the majority of high priests before the Babylonian captivity, but does not give a complete list of office holders. Lists would be based on various historical sources. In several periods of non-Jewish rule, high priests were appointed and removed by kings, but still
Other notable high priests in the Bible include Aaron's son Eleazar, Eleazar's son Phinehas, Eli, and Zadok. After the Babylonian Exile, the first high priest was Joshua the High Priest, who is mentioned as a prominent leader alongside the political ruler Zerubavel. [11] Joshua was a son of Zadok, [12] in accordance with Ezekiel's prophecy. [13]
Joseph ben Caiaphas [a] (/ ˈ k aɪ. ə. f ə s /; [b] c. 14 BC – c. 46 AD) was the High Priest of Israel during the first century. [1] In the New Testament, the Gospels of Matthew, Luke and John indicate he was an organizer of the plot to kill Jesus.
The earliest priest mentioned in the Bible, Melchizedek, was a priest of the Most High and a contemporary of Abram. [1] The first priest mentioned of another god is Potipherah priest of On, whose daughter Asenath married Joseph in Egypt. The third priest to be mentioned is Jethro, priest of Midian, and Moses' father in law. [2]
As consequence, the high priesthood was taken from him and given (temporarily) to the offspring of Ithamar, specifically Eli and his sons. However, upon the sin of Eli's sons Hophni and Phinehas, it was prophesied that the high priesthood would be returned to a different priest who would be more loyal:
Aaron and his successors as high priest were given control over the Urim and Thummim by which the will of God could be determined. [30] [1] God commissioned the Aaronide priests to distinguish the holy from the common and the clean from the unclean, and to teach the divine laws (the Torah) to the Israelites. [31]
Eleazar (/ ɛ l i ˈ eɪ z ər /; Hebrew: אֶלְעָזָר, Modern: ʾElʿazar, Tiberian: ʾElʿāzār, "El has helped") or Elazar was a priest in the Hebrew Bible, the second High Priest, succeeding his father Aaron after he died. [1] He was a nephew of Moses.
Annas served officially as High Priest for ten years (AD 6–15), when at the age of 36 he was deposed by the procurator Valerius Gratus.Yet while having been officially removed from office, he remained as one of the nation's most influential political and social individuals, aided greatly by the fact that his five sons and his son-in-law Caiaphas all served at sometime as High Priests. [4]
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