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Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae is a plant pathogen that causes cedar-apple rust. [1] In virtually any location where apples or crabapples ( Malus ) and eastern red cedar ( Juniperus virginiana ) coexist, cedar apple rust can be a destructive or disfiguring disease on both the apples and cedars.
Gymnosporangium globosum is a heteroecious rust fungus that requires two hosts to complete its life cycle. Its telial stage occurs on eastern red cedar, Rocky Mountain juniper, southern red cedar, and other common junipers while its aecial stage will be found on apple, crabapple, hawthorne, and occasionally on pear, quince, and serviceberry.
Gymnosporangium is a genus of heteroecious plant-pathogenic fungi which alternately infect members of the family Cupressaceae, primarily species in the genus Juniperus (), and members of the family Rosaceae in the subfamily Amygdaloideae (apples, pears, quinces, shadbush, hawthorns, rowans and their relatives).
Cedar-apple rust disease, for example, can persist despite removal of one of the hosts since spores can be disseminated from long distances. The severity of cedar-apple rust disease can be managed by removal of basidiospore producing galls from junipers or the application of protective fungicides to junipers. [24]
Gymnosporangium clavipes is a plant pathogen, a fungus that causes cedar-quince rust.Similar to Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae and Gymnosporangium globosum, the fungus infects a wide range of Rosaceae, such as apple, hawthorn and quince trees, and also requires an evergreen host such as eastern red cedar or a number of other juniper species to complete its life cycle.
Trunk injection or endotherapy also known as vegetative endotherapy, [1] [2] [3] is a method of target-precise application of pesticides, [4] [5] [6] plant resistance activators, [7] or fertilizers [8] into the xylem vascular tissue of a tree with the purpose of protecting the tree from pests, or to inject nutrients to correct for nutrient deficiencies.
The organism has a short incubation period and as a result epidemics of bitter rot can develop rapidly. The presence of the disease is first indicated by the very small light brown sunken spots beneath the apple skin. [18] As the fungus grows and invades more of the apple tissue, the area becomes engorged until the entire apple is rotted. [19]
Cedar rust may refer to: Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae, or Cedar-apple rust; Gymnosporangium clavipes, or Cedar-quince rust; Gymnosporangium globosum, ...
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