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Vagal maneuvers, such as the Valsalva maneuver, are often used as the initial treatment. [4] If not effective and the person has a normal blood pressure the medication adenosine may be tried. [4] If adenosine is not effective a calcium channel blocker or beta blocker may be used. [4] Otherwise synchronized cardioversion is the treatment. [4]
Signs and symptoms can arise suddenly and may resolve without treatment. Stress, exercise, and emotion can all result in a normal or physiological increase in heart rate, but they can precipitate SVT in rare cases. Episodes can last from a few minutes to one or two days. They sometimes persist until treated.
The main symptom of AVNRT is the sudden development of rapid regular palpitations. [1] These palpitations may be associated with a fluttering sensation in the neck, caused by near-simultaneous contraction of the atria and ventricles against a closed tricuspid valve leading to the pressure or atrial contraction being transmitted backwards into the venous system. [2]
WPW syndrome may be monitored or treated with either medications or an ablation (destroying the tissues) such as with radiofrequency catheter ablation. [4] It affects between 0.1 and 0.3% in the population. [1] The risk of death in those without symptoms is about 0.5% per year in children and 0.1% per year in adults. [5]
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition affecting repolarization (relaxing) of the heart after a heartbeat, giving rise to an abnormally lengthy QT interval. [7] It results in an increased risk of an irregular heartbeat which can result in fainting, drowning, seizures, or sudden death. [1]
Tachycardia, also called tachyarrhythmia, is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate. [1] In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute is accepted as tachycardia in adults. [1]
Premature ventricular contractions may be associated with underlying heart disease, and certain characteristics are therefore elicited routinely: the presence of signs of heart disease or a known history of heart disease (e.g. previous myocardial infarction), as well as heart disease or sudden cardiac death in close relatives.
Verapamil, sold under various trade names, [1] is a calcium channel blocker medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure, angina (chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart), and supraventricular tachycardia. [9] It may also be used for the prevention of migraines and cluster headaches.