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Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) [1] is a method for cleaning out tooth decay (dental caries) from teeth using only hand instruments (dental hatchet and spoon-excavator) and placing a filling. It does not use rotary dental instruments ( dental drills ) to prepare the tooth and can be performed in settings with no access to dental equipment.
These X-rays allow dentists to see if any small cavities are forming in between the teeth “so that we can either prevent it or reverse it before it becomes a big issue,” he tells Yahoo Life.
A tooth needs a supplemental 3 years after eruption to complete the root formation and mark the end of tooth development. Early loss of young immature permanent teeth can be detrimental, leading to loss of function and interference of phonetics. Maxillary and mandibular bone development may be altered, especially when the patient is still growing.
In the dental specialty of endodontics, periradicular surgery is surgery to the external root surface. Examples of periradicular surgery include apicoectomy, root resection, repair of root perforation or resorption defects, removal of broken fragments of the tooth or a filling material, and exploratory surgery to look for root fractures.
Composites and amalgam are used mainly for direct restoration. Composites can be made of color matching the tooth, and the surface can be polished after the filling procedure has been completed. Amalgam fillings expand with age, possibly cracking the tooth and requiring repair and filling replacement, but chance of leakage of filling is less.
The prepared tooth also needs to possess a certain degree of taper to allow for the restoration to be properly placed on the tooth. There can be no undercuts on the surface of the prepared tooth, as the restoration will not be able to be removed from the die or fit on the tooth (see explanation of lost-wax technique below for an understanding ...
Periapical granuloma, [1] also sometimes referred to as a radicular granuloma or apical granuloma, is an inflammation at the tip of a dead (nonvital) tooth. It is a lesion or mass that typically starts out as an epithelial lined cyst, and undergoes an inward curvature that results in inflammation of granulation tissue at the root tips of a dead tooth.
Typically the tooth is lifted using an elevator, and using dental forceps, specific tooth movements are performed (e.g. rocking the tooth back and forth) expanding the tooth socket. Once the periodontal ligament is broken and the supporting alveolar bone has been adequately widened the tooth can be removed.