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Stresses in a contact area loaded simultaneously with a normal and a tangential force. Stresses were made visible using photoelasticity.. Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points.
Illustration of tangential and normal components of a vector to a surface. In mathematics, given a vector at a point on a curve, that vector can be decomposed uniquely as a sum of two vectors, one tangent to the curve, called the tangential component of the vector, and another one perpendicular to the curve, called the normal component of the vector.
But if the normal stress in the contact interface induces the same tangential displacements in both contacting bodies, then there is no relative tangential displacement of the two surfaces. In that case, the normal and tangential contact problems are decoupled. If this is the case then the two bodies are called quasi-identical. This happens for ...
Traction can also refer to the maximum tractive force between a body and a surface, as limited by available friction; when this is the case, traction is often expressed as the ratio of the maximum tractive force to the normal force and is termed the coefficient of traction (similar to coefficient of friction).
Normal contact stiffness is a physical quantity related to the generalized force displacement behavior of rough surfaces in contact with a rigid body or a second similar rough surface. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Specifically it is the amount of force per unit displacement required to compress an elastic object in the contact region.
The 2014 AP Chemistry exam was the first administration of a redesigned test as a result of a redesigning of the AP Chemistry course. The exam format is now different from the previous years, with 60 multiple choice questions (now with only four answer choices per question), 3 long free response questions, and 4 short free response questions.
The formula to calculate average shear stress τ or force per unit area is: [1] =, where F is the force applied and A is the cross-sectional area.. The area involved corresponds to the material face parallel to the applied force vector, i.e., with surface normal vector perpendicular to the force.
There are two primary mechanisms in play. One is an inward force on the surface molecules causing the liquid to contract. [2] [3] Second is a tangential force parallel to the surface of the liquid. [3] This tangential force is generally referred to as the surface tension. The net effect is the liquid behaves as if its surface were covered with ...