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  2. Rossby wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossby_wave

    Barotropic Rossby waves do not vary in the vertical [clarification needed], and have the fastest propagation speeds. The baroclinic wave modes, on the other hand, do vary in the vertical. They are also slower, with speeds of only a few centimeters per second or less. [5] Most investigations of Rossby waves have been done on those in Earth's ...

  3. Atmospheric circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_circulation

    The outflow of air mass from the cell creates harmonic waves in the atmosphere known as Rossby waves. These ultra-long waves determine the path of the polar jet stream, which travels within the transitional zone between the tropopause and the Ferrel cell. By acting as a heat sink, the polar cell moves the abundant heat from the equator toward ...

  4. Zonal wavenumber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonal_wavenumber

    500mb geopotential height averaged between October 9–21, 2010 illustrating Rossby wave pattern with the zonal wavenumber 4. DOE AMIP reanalysis data.. In meteorological applications, a zonal wavenumber or hemispheric wavenumber is the dimensionless number of wavelengths fitting within a full circle around the globe at a given latitude: [1]

  5. Equatorial Rossby wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatorial_Rossby_wave

    For very long waves (as the zonal wavenumber approaches zero), the non-dispersive phase speed is approximately: / = / (+), which indicates that these long equatorial Rossby waves move in the opposite direction (westward) of Kelvin waves (which move eastward) with speeds reduced by factors of 3, 5, 7, etc.

  6. Baroclinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroclinity

    The Rossby number is a measure of the departure of the vorticity from that of solid body rotation. The Rossby number must be small for the concept of baroclinic instability to be relevant. When the Rossby number is large, other kinds of instabilities, often referred to as inertial, become more relevant. [citation needed]

  7. Rossby-gravity waves - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossby-gravity_waves

    The eastward speed of propagation of these waves can be derived for an inviscid slowly moving layer of fluid of uniform depth H. [2] Because the Coriolis parameter (f = 2Ω sin(θ) where Ω is the angular velocity of the earth, 7.2921 × 10 −5 rad/s, and θ is latitude) vanishes at 0 degrees latitude (equator), the “equatorial beta plane” approximation must be made.

  8. Brewer–Dobson circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewer–Dobson_circulation

    Brewer–Dobson circulation is driven by planetary scale atmospheric waves, namely Rossby waves, with results in westward drag and therefore poleward pumping action to conserve angular momentum. [ 1 ]

  9. Rossby parameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossby_parameter

    The Rossby parameter (or simply beta ) is a number used in geophysics and meteorology which arises due to the meridional variation of the Coriolis force caused by the spherical shape of the Earth. It is important in the generation of Rossby waves .