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  2. BRAF (gene) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRAF_(gene)

    B-Raf is a 766-amino acid, regulated signal transduction serine/threonine-specific protein kinase.Broadly speaking, it is composed of three conserved domains characteristic of the Raf kinase family: conserved region 1 (CR1), a Ras-GTP-binding [11] self-regulatory domain, conserved region 2 (CR2), a serine-rich hinge region, and conserved region 3 (CR3), a catalytic protein kinase domain that ...

  3. V600E - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V600E

    V600E is a mutation of the BRAF gene in which valine (V) is substituted by glutamic acid (E) at amino acid 600. [1] [2] It is a driver mutation in a proportion of certain diagnoses, including melanoma, [3] [4] hairy cell leukemia, [5] [6] papillary thyroid carcinoma, [7] [8] colorectal cancer, [9] non-small-cell lung cancer, [10] [11] Langerhans cell histiocytosis, [12] Erdheim–Chester ...

  4. Molecular diagnostics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_diagnostics

    For example, the ColoGuard test may be used to screen people over 55 years old for colorectal cancer. [57] Cancer is a longtime-scale disease with various progression steps, molecular diagnostics tools can be used for prognosis of cancer progression. For example, the OncoType Dx test by Genomic Health can estimate risk of breast cancer.

  5. Prognosis marker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prognosis_marker

    For example estrogen level, progesterone and HER2 are markers specific to breast cancer patients. There is evidence showing that genes behaving as tumor suppressors or carcinogens could act as prognostic markers due to altered gene expression or mutation .

  6. High-resolution melting analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-resolution_melting...

    HRM offers a faster and more convenient closed-tube method of assessing the presence of mutations and gives a result which can be further investigated if it is of interest. In a study carried out by Scott et al. in 2006, [4] 3 cell lines harbouring different BRCA mutations were used to assess the HRM methodology. It was found that the melting ...

  7. Patient derived xenograft - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patient_derived_xenograft

    In 2012, a study established 27 colorectal PDX models that did not diverge from their respective human tumors in histology, gene expression, or KRAS/BRAF mutation status. [22] Due to their stability, the 27 colorectal PDX models may be able to serve as pre-clinical models in future drug studies.

  8. Papillary thyroid cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillary_thyroid_cancer

    After performing a multivariate analysis, it was found that the absence of tumor capsule was the only parameter associated (P=0.0005) with BRAF V600E mutation. [5] According to recent studies, papillary cancers carrying the common V600E mutation tend to have a more aggressive long-term course.

  9. Site-directed mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site-directed_mutagenesis

    The simplest method places the mutation site toward one of the ends of the fragment whereby one of two oligonucleotides used for generating the fragment contains the mutation. This involves a single step of PCR, but still has the inherent problem of requiring a suitable restriction site near the mutation site unless a very long primer is used.

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