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  2. Esophageal plexus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_plexus

    The esophageal plexus (oesophageal plexus in British English) is formed by nerve fibers from two sources, branches of the vagus nerve, [1] [2] and visceral branches of the sympathetic trunk. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The esophageal plexus and the cardiac plexus contain the same types of fibers and are both considered thoracic autonomic plexus .

  3. Esophageal hiatus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_hiatus

    The esophageal hiatus is an oval opening [1] in (sources differ) the right crus of the diaphragm [1] /left crus of the diaphragm, with fibres of the right crus looping around the hiatus to form a sling (upon inspiration, this sling would constrict the esophagus, forming a functional (not anatomical) sphincter that prevents gastric contents from refluxing up the esophagus when intra-abdominal ...

  4. Myenteric plexus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myenteric_plexus

    The fibers are carried by both the anterior and posterior vagal nerves. The myenteric plexus is the major nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract and controls GI tract motility. [1] According to preclinical studies, 30% of myenteric plexus' neurons are enteric sensory neurons, thus Auerbach's plexus has also a sensory component. [2] [3]

  5. Splanchnic nerves - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splanchnic_nerves

    The splanchnic nerves are paired visceral nerves (nerves that contribute to the innervation of the internal organs), carrying fibers of the autonomic nervous system (visceral efferent fibers) as well as sensory fibers from the organs (visceral afferent fibers).

  6. Thoracic splanchnic nerves - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_splanchnic_nerves

    Its fibers synapse at the celiac ganglia. [4] The nerve contributes to the celiac plexus , a network of nerves located in the vicinity of where the celiac trunk branches from the abdominal aorta . The greater splanchnic nerve modulates the activity of the enteric nervous system of the foregut .

  7. Thoracic ganglia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_ganglia

    The thoracic ganglia are paravertebral ganglia.The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically has 12 thoracic ganglia.Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splanchnic nerves (the cardiopulmonary, the greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to thoracic and abdominal structures.

  8. Pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus...

    The pharyngeal plexus is a nerve plexus located upon the outer surface of the pharynx. It contains a motor component (derived from the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) ), a sensory component (derived from the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) ), and sympathetic component (derived from the superior cervical ganglion ).

  9. Stomach - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach

    In the human digestive system, a bolus (a small rounded mass of chewed up food) enters the stomach through the esophagus via the lower esophageal sphincter. The stomach releases proteases (protein-digesting enzymes such as pepsin), and hydrochloric acid, which kills or inhibits bacteria and provides the acidic pH of 2 for the proteases to work.