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The first advanced mechanical means of marine propulsion was the marine steam engine, introduced in the early 19th century. During the 20th century it was replaced by two-stroke or four-stroke diesel engines, outboard motors, and gas turbine engines on faster ships.
Timeline of motor and engine technology (c. 30–70 AD) – Hero of Alexandria describes the first documented steam-powered device, the aeolipile. [1] 13th century – Chinese chronicles wrote about a solid-rocket motor used in warfare. 1698 – Thomas Savery builds a steam-powered water pump for pumping water out of mines. [2]
Once the technology of steam was mastered at this level, steam engines were mounted on larger, and eventually, ocean-going vessels. Becoming reliable, and propelled by screw rather than paddlewheels, the technology changed the design of ships for faster, more economic propulsion.
This engine was fuelled by gas vapours, used the piston's intake stroke to draw in outside air, and the air/fuel mixture was ignited by an external flame. [6] Another gas engine was also patented in 1794 by Thomas Mead. [7] 1801: The concept of using compression in a two-stroke gas engine was theorised by French engineer Philippe LeBon D ...
In the 20th century, the internal combustion engine and gas turbine came to replace the steam engine in most ship applications. Trans-oceanic travel, transatlantic and transpacific , was a particularly important application, with steam powered Ocean liners [ 107 ] replacing sailing ships, then culminating in the massive Superliners which ...
In the latter part of the 20th century, these, in turn, were replaced by gas turbines. SS Humboldt Engine Room, illustrated in Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. XII, May 1851, Vol. II. Steamship generally refers to a larger steam-powered ship, usually ocean-going, capable of carrying a (ship's) boat. The SS Humboldt engine room, to the right ...
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9th century – The sine quadrant, was invented by Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi in the 9th century at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. [3]: 128 The other types were the universal quadrant, the horary quadrant and the astrolabe quadrant. 10th century – sea-going junk ships built in China. Late 10th century – Kamal invented in Arab world.