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The course forms the northern borders of West Virginia and Kentucky; and the southern borders of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, until it joins the Mississippi River at the city of Cairo, Illinois. Where the Ohio joins the Mississippi is the lowest elevation in the state of Illinois, at 315 feet (96 m).
The Ohio Country (Ohio Territory, [a] Ohio Valley [b]) was a name used for a loosely defined region of colonial North America west of the Appalachian Mountains and south of Lake Erie. Control of the territory and the region's fur trade was disputed in the 17th century by the Iroquois, Huron, Algonquin, other Native American tribes, and France .
The Ohio Country, showing present-day U.S. state boundaries. The Ohio Company, formally known as the Ohio Company of Virginia, was a land speculation company organized for the settlement by Virginians of the Ohio Country (approximately the present U.S. state of Ohio) and to trade with the Native Americans.
West Virginia border on the shore of the Tug Fork River near the KY-VA-WV tripoint 36°33′15″N 89°34′17″W / 36.55417°N 89.57139°W / 36.55417; -89 Missouri border on the Mississippi River at the Madrid Bar in the Kentucky Bend
Ohio's southern border is defined by the Ohio River. Ohio's neighbors are Pennsylvania to the east, Michigan to the northwest, Lake Erie to the north, Indiana to the west, Kentucky on the south, and West Virginia on the southeast. Ohio's borders were defined by metes and bounds in the Enabling Act of 1802 as follows:
These migration streams from Virginia and Pennsylvania resulted in the Shenandoah Valley becoming well-settled as early as 1750. The early settlers of the Ohio Valley were mainly Upland Southerners. [9] Much of the culture of the Upland South originated in southeastern Pennsylvania and spread down the Shenandoah Valley. [10]
Virginia: January 2, 1781: March 1, 1784: Ceded its vast claim to the territory north of the Ohio River, which would subsequently become the Northwest Territory, but initially retained its remaining trans-Appalachian claim, the Kentucky County, south of the Ohio and east of the Mississippi River – present-day Kentucky.
The closure and conversion of coal power plants in Virginia and the Ohio Valley region has helped cut the amount of particulate matter in Virginia's air in half. [126] [127] Current plans call for 30% of the Commonwealth's electricity to be renewable by 2030 and for all to be carbon-free by 2050. [128]