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The Pontifex Maximus held his office for life, but the date of death is not known for every man who held the office, and the name of the Pontifex is not recorded for every period. Unless otherwise noted, dates and citations of primary sources are from T.R.S. Broughton 's three-volume The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (American Philological ...
Augustus as pontifex maximus (Via Labicana Augustus) <-The pontifex maximus (Latin for "supreme pontiff" [1] [2] [3]) was the chief high priest of the College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome. This was the most important position in the ancient Roman religion, open only to patricians until 254 BC, when a plebeian first held ...
This title in English usage usually refers to the head of the Catholic Church. The Catholic pope uses various titles by tradition, including Summus Pontifex, Pontifex Maximus, and Servus servorum Dei. Each title has been added by unique historical events and unlike other papal prerogatives, is not incapable of modification. [3]
Romans who held the role of pontifex maximus before it was subsumed as a title of the emperors and then of the popes. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pontifex maximus . Subcategories
The title of Pontifex Maximus was a title of the Roman emperor since the reign of Caesar Augustus, being abdicated by Gratian (375–383). [36] [37] [38] The Encyclopædia Britannica, without citing source, attributes Pope Leo I (r. 440–461) to the use of the title Pontifex Maximus. [39]
The pontifex maximus was the most important member of the college. Until 104 BC, the pontifex maximus held the sole power in appointing members to the other priesthoods in the college. The flamens were priests in charge of fifteen official cults of Roman religion, each assigned to a particular god.
The office of Pontifex Maximus, or head of the College of Pontiffs, was held by Julius Caesar and thereafter, by the Roman emperors, until Gratian (375–383) relinquished it. [ 160 ] [ 170 ] [ 171 ] Tertullian, when he had become a Montanist , used the title derisively of either the pope or the bishop of Carthage . [ 172 ]
In ancient Roman religion, the rex sacrorum ("king of the sacred things", also sometimes rex sacrificulus [1]) was a senatorial priesthood [2] reserved for patricians.Although in the historical era, the pontifex maximus was the head of Roman state religion, Festus says [3] that in the ranking of the highest Roman priests (ordo sacerdotum), the rex sacrorum was of highest prestige, followed by ...