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Knowledge, education and understanding are uppermost in management plans for tic disorders, [6] and psychoeducation is the first step. [14] [15] A child's parents are typically the first to notice their tics; [16] they may feel worried, imagine that they are somehow responsible, or feel burdened by misinformation about Tourette's. [14]
Tourette syndrome or Tourette's syndrome (abbreviated as TS or Tourette's) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood or adolescence. It is characterized by multiple movement (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. Common tics are blinking, coughing, throat clearing, sniffing, and facial movements.
Habit reversal training (HRT) is a "multicomponent behavioral treatment package originally developed to address a wide variety of repetitive behavior disorders". [ 1 ] Behavioral disorders treated with HRT include tics , trichotillomania , nail biting , thumb sucking , skin picking , temporomandibular disorder (TMJ), lip-cheek biting and ...
Coprolalia is an occasional characteristic of tic disorders, in particular Tourette syndrome, although it is not required for a diagnosis of Tourette's and only about 10% of Tourette's patients exhibit coprolalia. [2] It is not unique to tic disorders; it may also present itself as a neurological disorder. [3] [4]
DBS has been used experimentally in treating adults with severe Tourette syndrome who do not respond to conventional treatment. Despite widely publicized early successes, DBS remains a highly experimental procedure for treating Tourette's, and more study is needed to determine whether long-term benefits outweigh the risks.
In some extreme cases, afflicted individuals experience so much internal tension that they lose their ability to sit still. Tardive tourettism is a tic disorder featuring the same symptoms as Tourette syndrome. The two disorders are extremely close in nature and often can only be differentiated by the details of their respective onsets.
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Massed negative practice is a proposed treatment for the tics of Tourette syndrome in which the individual with Tourette's "practices" tics continuously until a conditioned level of fatigue is reached.