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Sodium perchlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na Cl O 4. It consists of sodium cations Na + and perchlorate anions ClO − 4. It is a white crystalline, hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and ethanol. It is usually encountered as sodium perchlorate monohydrate NaClO 4 ·H 2 O.
This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison. As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium.
Perchloric acid was first synthesized (together with potassium perchlorate) by Austrian chemist Friedrich von Stadion and called "oxygenated chloric acid" in mid-1810s. French pharmacist Georges-Simon Serullas introduced the modern designation along with discovering its solid monohydrate, which he mistook for an anhydride. [5]
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Perchlorate salts are typically manufactured through the process of electrolysis, which involves oxidizing aqueous solutions of corresponding chlorates. This technique is commonly employed in the production of sodium perchlorate, which finds widespread use as a key ingredient in rocket fuel. [5]
Hydronium perchlorate is produced by the reaction of anhydrous perchloric acid and water in a 1:1 molar ratio: [2]. HClO 4 + H 2 O → [H 3 O] + ClO − 4. A more analytically reliable method was reported using the macrocyclic Schiff base of sodium 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenolate and 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol as a chelating agent to sequester Cu(II): transmetallation of the macrocycle with ...
A typical sodium intercalation type battery would use an electrolyte consisting of: fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) (99%), metallic Na (99.9%), and 1.0 M sodium perchlorate (NaClO 4) solutions in ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (EC/DEC), 1:1 v/v% battery-grade, mixed with FEC (10% by weight).
Silver perchlorate is the chemical compound with the formula AgClO 4. This white solid forms a monohydrate and is mildly deliquescent . It is a useful source of the Ag + ion, although the presence of perchlorate presents risks.