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The firangi (/ f ə ˈ r ɪ ŋ ɡ iː /; derived from the Arabic term (al- faranji) for a Western European [a "Frank"]) [1] was an Indian sword type which used blades manufactured in Western Europe, particularly Solingen, and imported by the Portuguese, or made locally in imitation of European blades.
The increasing influence in India of Turco-Afghan, and later Turco-Mongol, dynasties (employing Persian and Central Asian arms) in the Late Medieval and subsequent eras led to ever greater use of sabre-like, curved swords. By Mughal times, the talwar had become the most popular form of sword in the Subcontinent.
The Indian swords have been also used by Arabians [4] and Europeans since medieval times. [5] Swords have culturally influenced the iconography and culture of India. [6] Sikhs consider sword to be holy and the Sikh emblem (Khanda (Sikh symbol)) depicts a doubled-edged sword surrounded by a circle and two curved swords. [7]
Ain-i Akbari weaponry. Mughal weapons significantly evolved during the ruling periods of its various rulers. During its conquests throughout the centuries, the military of the Mughal Empire used a variety of weapons including swords, bows and arrows, horses, camels, elephants, some of the world's largest cannons, muskets and flintlock blunderbusses.
These swords include the Persian shamshir (the origin of the word scimitar), the Arab saif, the Indian talwar, the North African nimcha, the Turkish kilij, and the Afghan pulwar. [4] [5] All such swords are originally derived from earlier curved swords developed in Turkic Central Asia . [6]
All of the Islamic world during the 16th to 18th century, including the Ottoman Empire and Persia were influenced by the "scimitar" type of single-edged curved sword. Via the Mameluke sword this also gave rise to the European cavalry sabre. Terms for the "scimitar" curved sword: Kilij (Turkish) Pulwar (Afghanistan) Shamshir (Persia) Talwar ...
Created in Medieval India, [2] the pata's use in warfare appears to be mostly restricted to the 17th [3] and 18th century [4] when the Maratha empire came into prominence. It was considered to be a highly effective weapon for infantrymen against heavily armoured cavalry.
From its native India, variations of the chakram spread to other Asian countries. In Tibet and Malaysia, it was not flat but torus-like. Mongol cavalry used a similar throwing weapon with spiked edges. [citation needed] Chakarani is a name for flat, steel, throwing ring similar to the chakram and used by the Jubba tribe of central Africa. [3]