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The downward curve after saturation, along with the lower return curve, form the main loop. The intercepts h c and m rs are the coercivity and saturation remanence. Magnetic hysteresis occurs when an external magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnet such as iron and the atomic dipoles align themselves with it.
The curves form a hysteresis loop. Hysteresis is the dependence of the state of a system on its history. For example, a magnet may have more than one possible magnetic moment in a given magnetic field, depending on how the field changed in the past. Plots of a single component of the moment often form a loop or hysteresis curve, where there are ...
Saturation is most clearly seen in the magnetization curve (also called BH curve or hysteresis curve) of a substance, as a bending to the right of the curve (see graph at right). As the H field increases, the B field approaches a maximum value asymptotically , the saturation level for the substance.
The downward curve after saturation, along with the lower return curve, form the main loop. The intercepts h c and m rs are the coercivity and saturation remanence . When ferrimagnets are exposed to an external magnetic field, they display what is called magnetic hysteresis , where magnetic behavior depends on the history of the magnet.
The default definition of magnetic remanence is the magnetization remaining in zero field after a large magnetic field is applied (enough to achieve saturation). [1] The effect of a magnetic hysteresis loop is measured using instruments such as a vibrating sample magnetometer ; and the zero-field intercept is a measure of the remanence.
Calculated magnetization curve for a superconducting slab, based on Bean's model. The superconducting slab is initially at H = 0. Increasing H to critical field H* causes the blue curve; dropping H back to 0 and reversing direction to increase it to -H* causes the green curve; dropping H back to 0 again and increase H to H* causes the orange curve.
In an ordinary magnetic hysteresis measurement, h starts at a large positive value and is decreased to a large negative value. The magnetization direction starts on the blue curve. At h = 0.5 the red curve appears, but for h > 0 the blue state has a lower energy because it is closer to the direction of the magnetic field. When the field becomes ...
Hysteresis loop Induction B as function of field strength H for H varying between H min and H max; for ferromagnetic material the B has different values for H going up and down, therefore a plot of the function forms a loop instead of a curve joining two points; for perminvar type materials, the loop is a "rectangle" (Domain Structure of Perminvar Having a Rectangular Hysteresis Loop, Williams ...