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Structures found on meteorite fragment Allan Hills 84001. Nanobacterium (/ ˌ n æ n oʊ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i əm / NAN-oh-bak-TEER-ee-əm, pl. nanobacteria / ˌ n æ n oʊ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i ə / NAN-oh-bak-TEER-ee-ə) is the unit or member name of a former proposed class of living organisms, specifically cell-walled microorganisms, now discredited, with a size much smaller than the generally ...
The peptidoglycan layer within the bacterial cell wall is a crystal lattice structure formed from linear chains of two alternating amino sugars, namely N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc or NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc or NAM). The alternating sugars are connected by a β-(1,4)-glycosidic bond.
They are similar to the structures found in ALH84001, a Mars meteorite found in the Antarctic. A 2022 study concluded that ALH84001 did not contain Martian life; the discovered organic molecules were found to be associated with abiotic processes (ie, "serpentinization and carbonation reactions that occurred during the aqueous alteration of ...
Bacterial microcompartments are widespread, organelle-like structures that are made of a protein shell that surrounds and encloses various enzymes. provide a further level of organization; they are compartments within bacteria that are surrounded by polyhedral protein shells, rather than by lipid membranes. These "polyhedral organelles ...
They are generally of more than one of these types, and the mixtures are defined spatially (i.e., with regard to their chemical shape), and with regard to their underlying chemical composition and structure. Macromolecules are found in living and nonliving things, and are composed of many hundreds or thousands of atoms held together by covalent ...
Microbiology (from Ancient Greek μῑκρος (mīkros) 'small' βίος (bíos) 'life' and -λογία () 'study of') is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being of unicellular (single-celled), multicellular (consisting of complex cells), or acellular (lacking cells).
A single-domain antibody is a peptide chain of about 110 amino acids long, comprising one variable domain (V H) of a heavy-chain antibody, or of a common IgG.These peptides have similar affinity to antigens as whole antibodies, but are more heat-resistant and stable towards detergents and high concentrations of urea.
The bacterial flagellum is made of about 20 proteins, with approximately another 30 proteins required for its regulation and assembly. [147] The flagellum is a rotating structure driven by a reversible motor at the base that uses the electrochemical gradient across the membrane for power. [148]