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The site is called Abri de Cro-Magnon (Cro-Magnon rock shelter), now recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [37] Abri means "rock shelter" in French, [citation needed] cro means "hole" in Occitan, [38] and Magnon was the landowner. [39] The original human remains were brought to and preserved at the National Museum of Natural History in ...
Cro-Magnon 1 (Musée de l'Homme, Paris) Two views of Cro-Magnon 2 (1875) [7]In 1868, workmen found animal bones, flint tools, and human skulls in the rock shelter. French geologist Louis Lartet was called for excavations, and found the partial skeletons of four prehistoric adults and one infant, along with perforated shells used as ornaments, an object made from ivory, and worked reindeer antler.
Ripari Villabruna is a small rock shelter in northern Italy with mesolithic burial remains. It contains several Cro-Magnon burials, with bodies and grave goods dated to 14,000 years BP.
The Cro-magnons probably encouraged each other to settle there and take up the ethnic trade. Workshops for the manufacture of obsidian tools are common. They are identified by the hundreds of tools littering the floor of the site, which must have been a shed. These workshops were near homes. They probably represent a family business.
These new stone-tool types have been described as being distinctly differentiated from each other; each tool had a specific purpose. The early modern humans who expanded into Europe, commonly referred to as the Cro-Magnons, left many sophisticated stone tools, carved and engraved pieces on bone, ivory and antler, cave paintings and Venus figurines.
All these finds were found to group with Cro-Magnons rather than with Neanderthals, and the old term "Cro-Magnon" in some 1970s literature was extended to include what would today be called anatomically modern humans in general. [14] In this understanding of the term "Cro-Magnon", the short and stocky Chancelade man did not stand out.
At Les Eyzies, France, alongside the Cro-Magnon remains, numerous flint tools of Aurignacian manufacture are found. Hildesheim Treasure is found. [4] The first Shapwick hoard of Roman coins is found in England. [5]
The Grimaldi people were small. While an adult Cro-Magnon generally stood over 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) tall (large males could reach 190 cm or 6 ft 3 in), neither of the two skeletons stood over 160 cm (5 ft 3 in). The boy was smallest at a mere 155 cm (5 ft 1 in). [7]