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The Quraysh or Qureshi (Arabic: قُرَيْشٍ) is an Arab tribe that inhabited and used to control Mecca and the Kaaba. Comprising ten main clans, it includes the Hashim clan into which the Islamic prophet Muhammad was born.
Islamic tradition identifies Bakkah as the ancient name for the site of Mecca. [1] [6] [7] [8] An Arabic word, its etymology, like that of Mecca, is obscure.[3]One meaning ascribed to it is "narrow", seen as descriptive of the area in which the valley of the holy places and the city of Mecca are located, pressed in upon as they are by mountains. [6]
The word Mecca in English has come to be used to refer to any place that draws large numbers of people, and because of this some English-speaking Muslims have come to regard the use of this spelling for the city as offensive. [31] Nonetheless, Mecca is the familiar form of the English transliteration for the Arabic name of the city.
During the first half of Muhammad's time as a prophet while he was at Mecca, he and his followers were severely persecuted which eventually led to their migration to Medina in 622 CE. In 624 CE, Muslims believe the direction of the qibla was changed from the Masjid al-Aqsa to the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, with the revelation of Surah 2, verse 144.
According to Bleeker, the term taḥannuth has been interpreted in several ways. [1] Traditionally, taḥannuth means spending time in seclusion, as practiced by the Quraysh, the chief tribe of Mecca in the 6th and 7th century, and the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who each year spend time in isolation at mount Hira', where he also received his revelations. [2]
The Hejaz (/ h iː ˈ dʒ æ z, h ɪ ˈ-/, also US: / h ɛ ˈ-/; Arabic: ٱلْحِجَاز, romanized: al-Ḥijāz, lit. 'the Barrier', Hejazi Arabic pronunciation: [alħɪˈdʒaːz]) is a region that includes the majority of the west coast of Saudi Arabia, covering the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif and Baljurashi.
Banner of the Ansar at the Battle of Siffin. The Ansar or Ansari (Arabic: الأنصار, romanized: al-Anṣār, lit. 'The Helpers' or 'Those who bring victory') are the local inhabitants (mostly Muslims) of Medina who took the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers (the Muhajirun) into their homes when they fled from Mecca during the hijra.
In Hebrew orthography, niqqud or nikud (Hebrew: נִקּוּד, Modern: nikúd, Tiberian: niqqūḏ, "dotting, pointing" or Hebrew: נְקֻדּוֹת, Modern: nekudót, Tiberian: nəquddōṯ, "dots") is a system of diacritical signs used to represent vowels or distinguish between alternative pronunciations of letters of the Hebrew alphabet.