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These different algorithms for video frames are called picture types or frame types. The three major picture types used in the different video algorithms are I, P and B. [1] They are different in the following characteristics: Iāframes are the least compressible but don't require other video frames to decode.
MPEG 1&2 video compression intro (pdf format) at the Wayback Machine (archived September 28, 2007) hydrogenaudio wiki comparison; Introduction to Data Compression by Guy E Blelloch from CMU; Explanation of lossless signal compression method used by most codecs; Videsignline – Intro to Video Compression at the Wayback Machine (archived 2010-03-15)
A video coding format [a] (or sometimes video compression format) is a content representation format of digital video content, such as in a data file or bitstream. It typically uses a standardized video compression algorithm, most commonly based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) coding and motion compensation .
Α video codec is software or a device that provides encoding and decoding for digital video, and which may or may not include the use of video compression and/or decompression. Most codecs are typically implementations of video coding formats. The compression may employ lossy data compression, so that
Zstandard was designed to give a compression ratio comparable to that of the DEFLATE algorithm (developed in 1991 and used in the original ZIP and gzip programs), but faster, especially for decompression. It is tunable with compression levels ranging from negative 7 (fastest) [5] to 22 (slowest in compression speed, but best compression ratio).
VP8 is a traditional block-based transform coding format. It has much in common with H.264, e.g. some prediction modes. [8] At the time of first presentation of VP8, according to On2 the in-loop filter [9] and the Golden Frames [10] were among the novelties of this iteration.
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A main user of VP9 is Google's popular video platform YouTube, which offers VP9 video at all resolutions [52] along with Opus audio in the WebM file format, through DASH streaming. Another early adopter was Wikipedia (specifically Wikimedia Commons , which hosts multimedia files across Wikipedia's subpages and languages).