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[15] [16] But if the p-value of an observed effect is less than (or equal to) the significance level, an investigator may conclude that the effect reflects the characteristics of the whole population, [1] thereby rejecting the null hypothesis. [17] This technique for testing the statistical significance of results was developed in the early ...
In a significance test, the null hypothesis is rejected if the p-value is less than or equal to a predefined threshold value , which is referred to as the alpha level or significance level. α {\displaystyle \alpha } is not derived from the data, but rather is set by the researcher before examining the data.
The concentrations of nickel, copper, and zinc were less than 0.005, less than 0.04, and less than 0.02 milligrams per liter in the upper reaches and the lower reaches. The arsenic, cadmium, and lead concentrations were less than 0.005, less than 0.001, and less than 0.01 milligrams per liter both reaches. [2]
x - less than 0.005% of the popular vote 1 "Change" and "% Change% figures compare total of "National Government" and "Conservative" to 1935 Conservative vote.
The Shapiro–Wilk test tests the null hypothesis that a sample x 1, ..., x n came from a normally distributed population. The test statistic is = (= ()) = (¯), where with parentheses enclosing the subscript index i is the ith order statistic, i.e., the ith-smallest number in the sample (not to be confused with ).
Percentage 4.43% [i] 0.85% Swing 0.22pp: 2.82pp: Popular vote by province, with graphs indicating the number of seats won. ... x - less than 0.005% of the popular vote
Percentage 11.28% 5.40% Swing 2.14pp: ... x - less than 0.005% of the popular vote 1 The Liberal-Labour MP sat with the Liberal caucus. Vote and seat summaries
x - less than 0.005% of the popular vote. 1 1945 Progressive Conservative vote compared to 1940 National Government + Conservative vote. 2 1945 Social Credit vote compared to 1940 New Democracy + Social Credit vote. 3 1945 Labor-Progressive vote compared to 1940 Communist vote.