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An air horn consists of a flaring metal or plastic horn or trumpet (called the "bell") attached to a small air chamber containing a metal reed or diaphragm in the throat of the horn. Compressed air flows from an inlet line through a narrow opening past the reed or diaphragm, causing it to vibrate, which creates sound waves .
Leslie-Tyfon horns became the standard on most American railroads. [5] Leslie's horns were the most popular locomotive horns, and the standard for GM Electro-Motive Division models. Later, Leslie introduced the Type S Supertyfon, with three- and five-chime versions. The three-chime S3L was B, D#, A. Leslie sold more horns than competitor Nathan ...
In 1970, Space Age Electronics introduced the first visual notification appliance, the AV32 light plate (which was installed over an existing horn) and V33 remote light. Meanwhile, in 1976, Wheelock introduced the first horn/strobe notification appliances with its 7000 series. The majority of visual signals throughout the 1970s and 1980s were ...
Diagram of a typical locomotive air horn power chamber, showing operation. Train horns are operated by compressed air, typically 125–140 psi (8.6–9.7 bar), and fed from a locomotive main air reservoir. When the engineer opens the horn valve, air flows through a supply line into the power chamber at the horn's base (diagram, right).
The P-series horns have longer bells and a heavier manifold than the M-series. [3] The name of the horn is a P followed by the bells that face forward, followed by R if any are reversed, and then the numbers of the reversed bells; a P12345 is a true five-chime horn with all bells facing forward, while P135R24 has bells 2 and 4 reversed. [9]
Appropriate wiring and transient protection for engine control computers is a necessary part of an installation. Wiring should be similar in size to the wiring to the vehicle engine starter motor. Mechanical vehicle mounted devices usually have an electric brake, a solenoid that presses a friction pad against the siren rotor.
A small industrial siren. These used smaller horns than the others. They had one 100 watt driver per horn (AL-1000) or two 100 watt drivers per horn (AL-2000). Horns could be removed for uni-directional applications. AL-4000/AL-6000/AL-8000 Electronic none none 1984-1995 Omni/uni Directional dB rating depends on model.
To distinguish their sound from truck and bus air horns, train horns in the U.S. consist of groups of two to five horns (called "chimes") which have different notes, sounded together to form a chord. In Japan , most modern trains like 209 series or E233 series from the first half of the 1990s onwards use electric horns as primary in passenger use.