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An air horn consists of a flaring metal or plastic horn or trumpet (called the "bell") attached to a small air chamber containing a metal reed or diaphragm in the throat of the horn. Compressed air flows from an inlet line through a narrow opening past the reed or diaphragm, causing it to vibrate, which creates sound waves .
Short velocity stacks on a 302 cu.in. Ford FE engine in the tight confines of a Ford GT-40. A velocity stack, trumpet, or air horn [1] is a typically flared, parallel-sided tubular device fitted individually or in groupings to the entry of an engine's air intake system to smooth high speed airflow, and allow engine intake track tuning to incorporate pressure pulses created by its internal ...
An air compressor blows the air into one set of horns, and then it automatically switches to the other set. As this back and forth switching occurs, the sound changes tones. Its sound power varies, but could get as high as approximately 125 dB, depending on the compressor and the horns.
Diagram of a typical locomotive air horn power chamber, showing operation. Train horns are operated by compressed air, typically 125–140 psi (8.6–9.7 bar), and fed from a locomotive main air reservoir. When the engineer opens the horn valve, air flows through a supply line into the power chamber at the horn's base (diagram, right).
A train whistle or air whistle (originally referred to as a train trumpet or air trumpet) is an audible signaling device on a steam or gas locomotive, used to warn that the train is approaching, and to communicate with rail workers. Modern diesel and electric locomotives primarily use a powerful air horn instead of a whistle as an audible ...
The P-series horns have longer bells and a heavier manifold than the M-series. [3] The name of the horn is a P followed by the bells that face forward, followed by R if any are reversed, and then the numbers of the reversed bells; a P12345 is a true five-chime horn with all bells facing forward, while P135R24 has bells 2 and 4 reversed. [9]
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Federal Signal Model 5 in Ballston Spa, New York, U.S.. Sirens are sometimes integrated into a warning system that links sirens with other warning media, such as the radio and TV Emergency Alert System, NOAA Weather Radio, telephone alerting systems, Reverse 911, Cable Override, and wireless alerting systems in the United States and the National Public Alerting System, Alert Ready, in Canada.