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Subnet masks are also expressed in dot-decimal notation like an IP address. For example, the prefix 198.51.100.0 / 24 would have the subnet mask 255.255.255.0. Traffic is exchanged between subnets through routers when the routing prefixes of the source address and the destination address differ. A router serves as a logical or physical boundary ...
The term subnet mask is only used within IPv4. Both IP versions however use the CIDR concept and notation. In this, the IP address is followed by a slash and the number (in decimal) of bits used for the network part, also called the routing prefix. For example, an IPv4 address and its subnet mask may be 192.0.2.1 and 255.255.255.0, respectively.
A wildcard mask can be thought of as an inverted subnet mask. For example, a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 2) inverts to a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.255 (00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111 2). A wild card mask is a matching rule. [2] The rule for a wildcard mask is: 0 means that the equivalent bit must match
Subnet Used for link-local addresses [5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 1 048 576: Private network Used for local communications within a private network [3] 192.0.0.0/24 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 256
This means that 256 /8 address blocks fit into the entire IPv4 space. As IPv4 address exhaustion has advanced to its final stages, some organizations, such as Stanford University , formerly using 36.0.0.0 / 8 , have returned their allocated blocks (in this case to APNIC ) to assist in the delay of the exhaustion date.
"More specific" means that it has a longer prefix. A /28 route, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240, is more specific than a /24 route, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. If the route is of equal specificity to a route already in the routing table, but comes from a more preferred source of routing information, replace the route in the table.
For example, in a typical home network with legacy Internet Protocol version 4, the network prefix would be something like 192.168.1.0/24, as expressed in CIDR notation. With IPv4, commonly home networks use private addresses (defined in RFC 1918 ) that are non-routable on the public Internet and use address translation to convert to routable ...
2. Subnet mask (The /12 in the IP address in this case means only the left-most 12 bits are 1s, as shown here. This reserves the left 12 bits for the network address (prefix) and the right 32 - 12 = 20 bits for the host address (suffix).) 11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000: 255.240.0.0 3. Bit complement (bitwise NOT) of the subnet mask