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Contemporary Indian country jurisdiction has been shaped over the years by the rulings of many Supreme Court cases and federal statutes involving criminal and civil jurisdiction within Indian country. Today, the jurisdiction of Federal, state, or tribal courts usually depends upon whether the parties involved are considered to be Indians or ...
This is a list of U.S. Supreme Court cases involving Native American Tribes.Included in the list are Supreme Court cases that have a major component that deals with the relationship between tribes, between a governmental entity and tribes, tribal sovereignty, tribal rights (including property, hunting, fishing, religion, etc.) and actions involving members of tribes.
Public Law 280 [1] is a federal law of the United States that changes legal jurisdiction on Indian lands and over Indian persons. The law transfers some jurisdiction from the federal government to states in both civil and criminal cases in certain places. It was passed in 1953.
The United States Constitution, as interpreted by the Supreme Court, gives ultimate authority with regard to matters affecting the American Indian tribes to the United States federal government. Under US federal law and regulations, an American Indian tribe is a group of Native Americans with self-government authority. [ 11 ]
The Illinois Appellate Court is the court of first appeal for civil and criminal cases rising in the Illinois circuit courts. Three Illinois Appellate Court judges hear each case and the concurrence of two is necessary to render a decision. [6] The Illinois Appellate Court will render its opinion in writing, in the form of a published opinion ...
The history of independent tribal courts is complex and has been shaped by the federal government's policies towards Native American tribes. [5] The establishment of independent tribal courts was a result of the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, which aimed to promote tribal self-government and to preserve Native American culture and traditions. [6]
Court of Indian Offenses is an Article I Court operated by the U.S. Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs.Also known as a "CFR" (Code of Federal Regulations) Court, a Court of Indian Offenses has criminal and civil jurisdiction over Native Americans in Indian Country, on reservations and other Indian trust land that lacks its own tribal court system.
The Supreme Court of Illinois is the state supreme court, the highest court of the judiciary of Illinois.The court's authority is granted in Article VI of the current Illinois Constitution, which provides for seven justices elected from the five appellate judicial districts of the state: three justices from the First District (Cook County) and one from each of the other four districts.