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Since 1934, September 14 is the national holiday known as the Día Nacional del Charro (National Day of the Charro) and is celebrated throughout Mexico to recognize the importance of horsemen and women to the culture of the country. [26] Festivities include parades and shows of horsemanship, with riders in the iconic traditional costume. [27]
Based in San Cristóbal de las Casas, in the Mexican state of Chiapas, [3] the Museum of Regional Costumes is a unique museum displaying traditional costumes, textiles, instruments, tools, masks, religious and celebratory objects from various indigenous Chiapan peoples. [4] Over 1,000 pieces have been collected over 45 years by Don Sergio Castro3.
Most of the pre-Hispanic clothing that survives is for women. [1] These include "enredos", or wrap dresses, fajas, or cloth belts, huipils, a type of tunic, quechquemitl, which is a kind of rectangular or square short poncho. The last was originally worn directly on the upper body of a woman but today it is worn over a blouse. [9]
The indigenous women of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec are known for wearing two huipils. The first is a short velvet huipil which is heavily embroidered with floral motifs and a second one for special occasions, usually white, which frames the face then extends over the head covering the neck and shoulders.
Aztec women wore a blouse called huīpīlli [11] [wiːˈpiːɬːi] (also called huipil in Spanish and English) and a long skirt [10] called cuēitl [ˈkʷeːit͡ɬ] (referred to as enredo in modern times). Women kept their skirt on them with a sash [11] called a cihua necuitlalpiloni [ˈsiwa nekʷit͡ɬaɬpilˈu˕ni]. [12]
The celebration features traditional costumed dancing by gender-separated groups. It includes native food, and statewide artisanal crafts, such as pre-Hispanic style textiles. Each costume, or traje, and dance usually has a local indigenous historical and cultural meaning. While the celebration has attracted an increasing number of tourists, it ...
A Mexican fandango from the 19th century. In the image a china woman can be seen dancing with her characteristic fine attire, to the sound of a harp.. The fashion design of the china poblana dress is attributed to Catarina de San Juan, although it certainly incorporates elements from the diverse cultures that were mixed in New Spain during three centuries of Spanish rule.
Escaramuza charra is the only female equestrian event in the Mexican charrería. The escaramuza means "skirmish" and consists of a team riding horses in choreographed synchronized maneuvers to music. [1] [2] [3] The women ride side-saddle and wear traditional Mexican outfit that include sombreros, dresses, and matching