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  2. Pneumatic artificial muscles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatic_artificial_muscles

    Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) are contractile or extensional devices operated by pressurized air filling a pneumatic bladder. In an approximation of human muscles, PAMs are usually grouped in pairs: one agonist and one antagonist. PAMs were first developed (under the name of McKibben Artificial Muscles) in

  3. Artificial muscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_muscle

    Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) operate by filling a pneumatic bladder with pressurized air. Upon applying gas pressure to the bladder, isotropic volume expansion occurs, but is confined by braided wires that encircle the bladder, translating the volume expansion to a linear contraction along the axis of the actuator.

  4. Skeletal pneumaticity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_pneumaticity

    By invading the bones, the pneumatic diverticula would replace marrow with air, reducing the overall body mass. Reducing the body mass would make it easier for pterosaurs and birds to fly as there is less mass to keep aloft with the same amount of muscle powering the flight strokes. [ 7 ]

  5. Pneumatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatics

    Pneumatic logic is a reliable and functional control method for industrial processes. In recent years, these systems have largely been replaced by electronic control systems in new installations because of the smaller size, lower cost, greater precision, and more powerful features of digital controls.

  6. List of skeletal muscles of the human body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_skeletal_muscles...

    The muscle which can 'cancel' or to some degree reverse the action of the muscle. Muscle synergies are noted in parentheses when relevant. O (Occurrences) Number of times that the named muscle row occurs in a standard human body. Here it may also be denoted when a given muscles only occurs in a male or a female body.

  7. List of anatomy mnemonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_anatomy_mnemonics

    This is a list of human anatomy mnemonics, categorized and alphabetized.For mnemonics in other medical specialties, see this list of medical mnemonics.Mnemonics serve as a systematic method for remembrance of functionally or systemically related items within regions of larger fields of study, such as those found in the study of specific areas of human anatomy, such as the bones in the hand ...

  8. Soft robotics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_robotics

    Conventional motors and pneumatic linear or rotary actuators do not qualify as artificial muscles, because there is more than one component involved in the actuation. Owing to their high flexibility, versatility and power-to-weight ratio compared with traditional rigid actuators, artificial muscles have the potential to be a highly disruptive ...

  9. Category:Pneumatic actuators - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pneumatic_actuators

    This page was last edited on 10 October 2018, at 22:37 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.