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In the C++ programming language, the C++ Standard Library is a collection of classes and functions, which are written in the core language and part of the C++ ISO Standard itself. [ 1 ] Overview
On the other hand, C99 introduced a number of new features that C++ did not support that were incompatible or redundant in C++, such as variable-length arrays, native complex-number types (however, the std:: complex class in the C++ standard library provides similar functionality, although not code-compatible), designated initializers, compound ...
A class in C++ is a user-defined type or data structure declared with any of the keywords class, struct or union (the first two are collectively referred to as non-union classes) that has data and functions (also called member variables and member functions) as its members whose access is governed by the three access specifiers private, protected or public.
[26] [27] In C++, an abstract class is a class having at least one abstract method given by the appropriate syntax in that language (a pure virtual function in C++ parlance). [25] A class consisting of only pure virtual methods is called a pure abstract base class (or pure ABC) in C++ and is also known as an interface by users of the language. [13]
The C++ standard library is a collection of utilities that are shipped with C++ for use by any C++ programmer. It includes input and output, multi-threading, time, regular expressions, algorithms for common tasks, and less common ones (find, for_each, swap, etc.) and lists, maps and hash maps (and the equivalent for sets) and a class called vector that is a resizable array.
The template class std::initializer_list<> is a first-class C++11 standard library type. They can be constructed statically by the C++11 compiler via use of the {} syntax without a type name in contexts where such braces will deduce to an std::initializer_list , or by explicitly specifying the type like std::initializer_list<SomeType>{args ...
C++20 is a version of the ISO/IEC 14882 standard for the C++ programming language. C++20 replaced the prior version of the C++ standard, called C++17 , and was later replaced by C++23 . [ 1 ] The standard was technically finalized [ 2 ] by WG21 at the meeting in Prague in February 2020, [ 3 ] had its final draft version announced in March 2020 ...
In the C++ programming language, input/output library refers to a family of class templates and supporting functions in the C++ Standard Library that implement stream-based input/output capabilities. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is an object-oriented alternative to C's FILE -based streams from the C standard library .