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  2. Behaviorism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behaviorism

    Behaviorism is a systematic approach to understand the behavior of humans and other animals. [1] [2] It assumes that behavior is either a reflex elicited by the pairing of certain antecedent stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual's history, including especially reinforcement and punishment contingencies, together with the individual's current motivational state and ...

  3. Behavioralism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioralism

    David Easton was the first to differentiate behavioralism from behaviorism in the 1950s (behaviorism is the term mostly associated with psychology). [15] In the early 1940s, behaviorism itself was referred to as a behavioral science and later referred to as behaviorism. However, Easton sought to differentiate between the two disciplines: [16]

  4. Psychological behaviorism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_behaviorism

    Behaviorism was first developed by John B. Watson (1912), who coined the term "behaviorism", and then B. F. Skinner who developed what is known as "radical behaviorism". Watson and Skinner rejected the idea that psychological data could be obtained through introspection or by an attempt to describe consciousness; all psychological data, in ...

  5. Instructional theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructional_theory

    Originating in the United States in the late 1970s, instructional theory is influenced by three basic theories in educational thought: behaviorism, the theory that helps us understand how people conform to predetermined standards; cognitivism, the theory that learning occurs through mental associations; and constructivism, the theory explores the value of human activity as a critical function ...

  6. Educational psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_psychology

    Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning.The study of learning processes, from both cognitive and behavioral perspectives, allows researchers to understand individual differences in intelligence, cognitive development, affect, motivation, self-regulation, and self-concept, as well as their role in learning.

  7. Learning theory (education) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_theory_(education)

    Methodological behaviorism is based on the theory of only explaining public events, or observable behavior. B.F. Skinner introduced another type of behaviorism called radical behaviorism, or the conceptual analysis of behavior, which is based on the theory of also explaining private events; particularly, thinking and feelings. Radical ...

  8. Humanistic psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanistic_psychology

    As behaviorism grew out of Ivan Pavlov's work with the conditioned reflex, and laid the foundations for academic psychology in the United States associated with the names of John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner; Abraham Maslow gave behaviorism the name "the first force", a force which systematically excluded the subjective data of consciousness and ...

  9. Social cognitive theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_cognitive_theory

    Social cognitive theory (SCT), used in psychology, education, and communication, holds that portions of an individual's knowledge acquisition can be directly related to observing others within the context of social interactions, experiences, and outside media influences.