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The Zaporozhian Cossacks had various social and ethnic origins but were predominantly made up of escaped serfs who preferred the dangerous freedom of the wild steppes, rather than life under the rule of Polish aristocrats. However, townspeople, lesser noblemen and even Crimean Tatars also became part of the Cossack host.
The Zaporozhian Sich (Polish: Sicz Zaporoska, Ukrainian: Запорозька Січ, Zaporozka Sich; also Ukrainian: Вольностi Вiйська Запорозького Низового, Volnosti Viiska Zaporozkoho Nyzovoho; Free lands of the Zaporozhian Host the Lower) [1] was a semi-autonomous polity and proto-state [2] of Cossacks that existed between the 16th to 18th centuries ...
Zaporozhian Cossack by Konstantin Makovsky, 1884. The Zaporozhian Cossacks lived on the Pontic–Caspian steppe below the Dnieper Rapids (Ukrainian: za porohamy), also known as the Wild Fields. The group became well known, and its numbers increased greatly between the 15th and 17th centuries.
The liquidation of the Zaporozhian Host (Sich) in 1775 was the forcible destruction by Russian troops of the Cossack formation, the Nova (Pidpilnenska) Sich, and the final liquidation of the Zaporozhian Sich as a semi-autonomous Cossack polity. As a result, the Zaporozhian Lowland Host ceased to exist.
The Cossack Hetmanate [nb 1] (Ukrainian: Гетьма́нщина, romanized: Hetmanshchyna; see other names), officially the Zaporozhian Host (Ukrainian: Військо Запорозьке, romanized: Viisko Zaporozke; Latin: Exercitus Zaporoviensis), [12] was a Ukrainian Cossack state. [12]
Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks is a painting by Ilya Repin. [1] It is also known as Cossacks of Saporog Are Drafting a Manifesto and Cossacks are Writing a Letter to the Turkish Sultan [ a ] . Repin began painting the canvas in 1880 and finished in 1891.
The reply of the Cossacks, though it is most likely legend. Below is the original response and reply. ... Zaporozhian Cossacks to the Turkish Sultan: O sultan, Turkish devil and damned devil's ...
Cossacks severely plundered Crimea, especially in the North, where Cossacks left "nothing but cats and dogs". [9] Cossack looting was accompanied by massacres of Tatar civilians, which reportedly left no one alive in Arbautuk and Tatars in other settlements who didn't flee to the mountains. [4] Cossacks took several thousand Tatar men captive. [5]