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The Gall–Peters projection of the world map. The Gall–Peters projection is a rectangular, equal-area map projection. Like all equal-area projections, it distorts most shapes. It is a cylindrical equal-area projection with latitudes 45° north and south as the regions on the map that have no distortion. The projection is named after James ...
Gott, Goldberg and Vanderbei’s double-sided disk map was designed to minimize all six types of map distortions. Not properly "a" map projection because it is on two surfaces instead of one, it consists of two hemispheric equidistant azimuthal projections back-to-back. [5] [6] [7] 1879 Peirce quincuncial: Other Conformal Charles Sanders Peirce
A controversy in the 1980s over the Peters map motivated the American Cartographic Association (now the Cartography and Geographic Information Society) to produce a series of booklets (including Which Map Is Best [46]) designed to educate the public about map projections and distortion in maps. In 1989 and 1990, after some internal debate ...
Arno Peters (22 May 1916 – 2 December 2002) was a German historian who developed the Peters world map, based on the Gall–Peters projection. Biography [ edit ]
Other mapping projections include the Peters and Robinson projection. The Peters projection attempts to preserve area but distorts the shapes of landmasses. [24] The Robinsons projections tries to reduce the amount of distortion overall and can be seen as a compromise between the other two.
In cartography, a conformal map projection is one in which every angle between two curves that cross each other on Earth (a sphere or an ellipsoid) is preserved in the image of the projection; that is, the projection is a conformal map in the mathematical sense. For example, if two roads cross each other at a 39° angle, their images on a map ...
Map projection has been used to create cartographic propaganda by making small areas bigger and large areas bigger still. [18] Arno Peters' attack on the Mercator Projection in 1972 is an example of the subjectivity of map projection; Peters argued that it is an ethnocentric projection. [19]
The classic way of showing the distortion inherent in a projection is to use Tissot's indicatrix. Nicolas Tissot noted that the scale factors at a point on a map projection, specified by the numbers h and k, define an ellipse at that point. For cylindrical projections, the axes of the ellipse are aligned to the meridians and parallels.