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Alcohol intoxication, also known in overdose as alcohol poisoning, [ 1] commonly described as drunkenness or inebriation, [ 9] is the behavior and physical effects caused by a recent consumption of alcohol. [ 6][ 10] In addition to the toxicity of ethanol, the main psychoactive component of alcoholic beverages, other physiological symptoms may ...
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome ( AWS) is a set of symptoms that can occur following a reduction in alcohol use after a period of excessive use. [ 1] Symptoms typically include anxiety, shakiness, sweating, vomiting, fast heart rate, and a mild fever. [ 1] More severe symptoms may include seizures, and delirium tremens (DTs); which can be fatal in ...
Methanol toxicity. Methanol toxicity (also methanol poisoning) is poisoning from methanol, characteristically via ingestion. [ 1] Symptoms may include a decreased level of consciousness, poor or no coordination, vomiting, abdominal pain, and a specific smell on the breath. [ 1][ 2] Decreased vision may start as early as twelve hours after ...
In clinical studies, metadoxine has been reported to reduce the half-life of ethanol in healthy volunteers and in acutely intoxicated patients; to accelerate the metabolism of alcohol and acetaldehyde into less toxic higher ketones and to improve their urinary clearance; to restore laboratory variables such as alcohol, ammonia, γ-GT, and alanine aminotransferase; and to improve clinical ...
Alcohol-related brain damage [1] [2] alters both the structure and function of the brain as a result of the direct neurotoxic effects of alcohol intoxication or acute alcohol withdrawal. Increased alcohol intake is associated with damage to brain regions including the frontal lobe , [ 3 ] limbic system , and cerebellum , [ 4 ] with widespread ...
Acute alcohol intoxication through excessive doses in general causes short- or long-term health effects. NMDA receptors become unresponsive, slowing areas of the brain for which they are responsible. Contributing to this effect is the activity that alcohol induces in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system. The GABA system is known to inhibit ...
Various vitamins, especially from the B group, are often used during alcohol withdrawal treatment. Sodium oxybate is the sodium salt of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). It is used for both acute alcohol withdrawal and medium-to-long-term detoxification. This drug enhances GABA neurotransmission and reduces glutamate levels.
[29] [30] For chronic alcohol users, acute alcohol ingestion at the time of a paracetamol overdose may have a protective effect. [29] [31] For non-chronic alcohol users, acute alcohol consumption had no protective effect. Fasting is a risk factor, possibly because of depletion of liver glutathione reserves. [20]