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Conservation-restoration is the practice of cleaning and discovering the original state of an object, investigating the proper treatments and applying those treatments to restore the object to its original state without permanently altering the object, and then preserving the object to prevent further deterioration for generations to come (Caple, p. 5-6). [1]
Devitrification in glass art [ edit ] Devitrification occurs in glass art during the firing process of fused glass whereby the surface of the glass develops a whitish scum, crazing , or wrinkles instead of a smooth glossy shine, as the molecules in the glass change their structure into that of crystalline solids.
Glass disease, also referred to as sick glass or glass illness, is a degradation process of glass that can result in weeping, crizzling, spalling, cracking and fragmentation. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Glass disease is caused by an inherent instability in the chemical composition of the original glass formula. [ 3 ]
In 2022 Daprato Rigali Studios [9] completed the restoration of Grand Army of the Republic rotunda stained glass dome in the Chicago Cultural Center. [10] The 40-foot diameter Tiffany-designed stained-glass dome had become covered in grime and paint and cut off the natural light that brought out the brilliant colors of the glass. [11]
A second typical defect is from poor design and construction. An example of this would be a ceramic piece with a handle too thin to support the weight of the cup. A third manufacturing defect is careless firing: a ceramic piece that has been fired too rapidly or allowed to dry unevenly will crack or break. [4]: p.20
Preventive methods may include limiting exposure to light to a maximum of 40 years at 100 lux or 80 years at 50 lux, [5] maintaining stable temperature and humidity levels, using safe and proper art handling with gloves and proper art storage, per current professional museum standards such as those from the American Alliance of Museums. [13]
As Alex Hicks explains, back in the day, people would repair things. If your clothes ripped, you'd sew them back together. If a minor kitchen appliance broke down, you'd take it apart and maybe ...
Two large stained-glass windows installed by Hartford City Glass Company's Belgian glass workers A New England Glass Company ewer , 1840–1860 A Novelty Glass Company advertisement in 1891 An electrical insulator made by Whitall Tatum Company , circa 1922