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He followed Bolton's lead and developed a "Chart for determining the number and size of elevators required for office buildings of a given total occupied floor area". In 1920, Howard B. Cook presented a paper titled "Passenger Elevator Service". [37]
Mechanical floors are generally counted in the building's floor numbering (this is required by some building codes) but are accessed only by service elevators. Some zoning regulations exclude mechanical floors from a building's maximum area calculation, permitting a significant increase in building sizes; this is the case in New York City. [1]
A simple dumbwaiter is a movable frame in a shaft, dropped by a rope on a pulley, guided by rails; most dumbwaiters have a shaft, cart, and capacity smaller than those of passenger elevators, usually 45 to 450 kg (100 to 992 lbs.) [2] Before electric motors were added in the 1920s, dumbwaiters were controlled manually by ropes on pulleys.
A home lift not to be confused with a home elevator is a type of ... the European standard of Machine Directive 2006 42 EC requires compliance with 194 parameters of ...
Simple core arrangement – stairs "wrapping around" elevator shaft. In architecture, a core is a vertical space used for circulation and services. It may also be referred to as a circulation core or service core. A core may include staircases, elevators, electrical cables, water pipes and risers.
If the service core (which contains the elevator shafts) becomes too big, it can reduce the profitability of the building. Architects must therefore balance the value gained by adding height against the value lost to the expanding service core. [10] Many tall buildings use elevators in a non-standard configuration to reduce their footprint.
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The Empire State Building has 73 elevators in all, including service elevators. [100] Its original 64 elevators, built by the Otis Elevator Company , [ 80 ] in a central core and are of varying heights, with the longest of these elevators reaching from the lobby to the 80th floor.
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