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On March 27, 1980, a series of volcanic explosions and pyroclastic flows began at Mount St. Helens in Skamania County, Washington, United States. A series of phreatic blasts occurred from the summit and escalated until a major explosive eruption took place on May 18, 1980, at 8:32 am. The eruption, which had a volcanic explosivity index of 5 ...
Phreatic eruption at the summit of Mount St. Helens, Washington, in the spring of 1980. A phreatic eruption, also called a phreatic explosion, ultravulcanian eruption or steam-blast eruption, [1] occurs when magma heats ground water or surface water. The extreme temperature of the magma (anywhere from 500 to 1,170 °C (930 to 2,100 °F)) causes ...
Plinian eruption. Plinian eruption: 1: ash plume; 2: magma conduit; 3: volcanic ash fall; 4: layers of lava and ash; 5: stratum; 6: magma chamber. 1822 artist's impression of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79, depicting what the AD 79 eruption may have looked like, by the English geologist George Julius Poulett Scrope.
Historic eruptions of Mount Fuji. Coordinates: 35°21′46.35″N 138°43′53.63″E. Mount Fuji. Mount Fuji is a dormant volcano which is the tallest peak in Japan. The latest eruption of Mount Fuji was triggered by an earthquake in 1707. [1] The mountain as it appears now is known as the "New Fuji volcano", which began to erupt about 10,000 ...
A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth. The molten rock, or magma, in such a chamber is less dense than the surrounding country rock, which produces buoyant forces on the magma that tend to drive it upwards. [1] If the magma finds a path to the surface, then the result will be a volcanic eruption ...
An aerial view of the Gros Piton and Petit Piton, in St. Lucia, 2006. A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic object created when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano. When present, a plug can cause an extreme build-up of high gas pressure if rising volatile -charged magma is trapped beneath it, and ...