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In geometry, the parallel postulate, also called Euclid 's fifth postulate because it is the fifth postulate in Euclid's Elements, is a distinctive axiom in Euclidean geometry. It states that, in two-dimensional geometry: If a line segment intersects two straight lines forming two interior angles on the same side that are less than two right ...
Second, if a transversal intersects two lines so that interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary, then the lines are parallel. These follow from the previous proposition by applying the fact that opposite angles of intersecting lines are equal (Prop. 15) and that adjacent angles on a line are supplementary (Prop. 13).
In geometry, parallel lines are coplanar infinite straight lines that do not intersect at any point. Parallel planes are planes in the same three-dimensional space that never meet. Parallel curves are curves that do not touch each other or intersect and keep a fixed minimum distance.
That all right angles are equal to one another. [The parallel postulate]: That, if a straight line falling on two straight lines make the interior angles on the same side less than two right angles, the two straight lines, if produced indefinitely, meet on that side on which the angles are less than two right angles.
(alternate interior angles are equal in measure). (since these are angles that a transversal makes with parallel lines AB and DC). Also, side AB is equal in length to side DC, since opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal in length. Therefore, triangles ABE and CDE are congruent (ASA postulate, two corresponding angles and the included side ...
An angle equal to 1 / 4 turn (90° or π / 2 radians) is called a right angle. Two lines that form a right angle are said to be normal, orthogonal, or perpendicular. [7] An angle larger than a right angle and smaller than a straight angle (between 90° and 180°) is called an obtuse angle [6] ("obtuse" meaning "blunt"). An angle ...
The rhombus has a square as a special case, and is a special case of a kite and parallelogram. In plane Euclidean geometry, a rhombus (pl.: rhombi or rhombuses) is a quadrilateral whose four sides all have the same length. Another name is equilateral quadrilateral, since equilateral means that all of its sides are equal in length.
The number of vertices is smaller when some lines are parallel, or when some vertices are crossed by more than two lines. [4] An arrangement can be rotated, if necessary, to avoid axis-parallel lines. After this step, each ray that forms an edge of the arrangement extends either upward or downward from its endpoint; it cannot be horizontal.
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