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The Enchiridion or Handbook of Epictetus (Ancient Greek: Ἐγχειρίδιον Ἐπικτήτου, Enkheirídion Epiktḗtou) is a short manual of Stoic ethical advice compiled by Arrian, a 2nd-century disciple of the Greek philosopher Epictetus. Although the content is mostly derived from the Discourses of Epictetus, it is not a summary of ...
Epictetus (/ ˌ ɛ p ɪ k ˈ t iː t ə s /, EH-pick-TEE-təss; [3] Greek: Ἐπίκτητος, Epíktētos; c. 50 – c. 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher. [4] [5] He was born into slavery at Hierapolis, Phrygia (present-day Pamukkale, in western Turkey) and lived in Rome until his banishment, when he went to Nicopolis in northwestern Greece, where he spent the rest of his life.
The Discourses of Epictetus (Greek: Ἐπικτήτου διατριβαί, Epiktētou diatribai) are a series of informal lectures by the Stoic philosopher Epictetus written down by his pupil Arrian around 108 AD. Four books out of an original eight are still extant. The philosophy of Epictetus is intensely practical. He directs his students ...
According to Epictetus, nothing is properly considered either good, or bad, aside from those things that are within our own power to control, and the only thing fully in our power to control is our own volition (prohairesis) which exercises the faculty of choice that we use to judge our impressions.
In Middle Platonism, the Platonic Forms were not transcendent but immanent to rational minds, and the physical world was a living, ensouled being, the World-Soul. The eclectic nature of Platonism during this time is shown by its incorporation into Pythagoreanism ( Numenius of Apamea ) and into Jewish philosophy [ 68 ] ( Philo of Alexandria )
Cleanthes was born in Assos in the Troad, about 330 BC. [a] According to Diogenes Laërtius, [2] he was the son of Phanias, and early in life he was a successful boxer.With but four drachmae in his possession he came to Athens, where he took up philosophy, listening first to the lectures of Crates the Cynic, [3] and then to those of Zeno, the Stoic.
Epaphroditus was the owner of Epictetus of Hierapolis, a Stoic philosopher taught by Musonius Rufus. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The man named Epaphroditus to whom Josephus dedicated his Antiquities of the Jews was most likely someone else by the same name, who may have been a freedman of Emperor Trajan ; [ b ] it is disputed whether he may have been the same ...
An enchiridion or encheiridion (Greek: ἐγχειρίδιον, enkheirídion) is a small manual or handbook. It can refer more specifically to: Enchiridion of Epictetus, a short manual of Stoic ethical advice. Enchiridion de Metris, an ancient treatise on poetic meters by the Greek grammarian Hephaestion. Enchiridion of Pomponius, a 2nd ...