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  2. Founder effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Founder_effect

    Founder effect: The original population (left) could give rise to different founder populations (right). In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. It was first fully outlined by Ernst Mayr in 1942 ...

  3. Morphogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphogenesis

    Morphogenesis. Morphogenesis (from the Greek morphê shape and genesis creation, literally "the generation of form") is the biological process that causes a cell, tissue or organism to develop its shape. It is one of three fundamental aspects of developmental biology along with the control of tissue growth and patterning of cellular ...

  4. Biome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biome

    Biome. One way of mapping terrestrial (land) biomes around the world. A biome (/ ˈbaɪ.oʊm /) is a distinct geographical region with specific climate, vegetation, and animal life. It consists of a biological community that has formed in response to its physical environment and regional climate. [1][2] Biomes may span more than one continent.

  5. Bioinformatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinformatics

    Early bioinformatics—computational alignment of experimentally determined sequences of a class of related proteins; see § Sequence analysis for further information. Bioinformatics (/ ˌbaɪ.oʊˌɪnfərˈmætɪks / ⓘ) is an interdisciplinary field of science that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data ...

  6. Phenotypic plasticity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenotypic_plasticity

    Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of one genotype to produce more than one phenotype when exposed to different environments. Each line here represents a genotype. Horizontal lines show that the phenotype is the same in different environments; slanted lines show that there are different phenotypes in different environments, and thus indicate ...

  7. Biological organisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_organisation

    Biological organisation is the organisation of complex biological structures and systems that define life using a reductionistic approach. [1] The traditional hierarchy, as detailed below, extends from atoms to biospheres. The higher levels of this scheme are often referred to as an ecological organisation concept, or as the field, hierarchical ...

  8. Cell adhesion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_adhesion

    Schematic of cell adhesion. Cell adhesion is the process by which cells interact and attach to neighbouring cells through specialised molecules of the cell surface. This process can occur either through direct contact between cell surfaces such as cell junctions or indirect interaction, where cells attach to surrounding extracellular matrix, a gel-like structure containing molecules released ...

  9. Small business - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_business

    Small businesses are types of corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships which have a small number of employees and/or less annual revenue than a regular-sized business or corporation. Businesses are defined as "small" in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy.