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However, fish still display intelligence that cannot be explained through Pavlovian and operant conditioning, such as reversal learning, novel obstacle avoidance, and passing simultaneous two-choice tasks. [4] Some fish also match mammals and birds in the executive functioning capability of inhibitory motor control. [5]
The book argued that even the "lower animals" will have "a future life, where they will receive a just compensation for the sufferings which so many of them undergo in this world." [ 2 ] Gentry believed that the doctrine of immortality for animals would lead to a more humane treatment.
Fish fulfill several criteria proposed as indicating that non-human animals experience pain. These fulfilled criteria include a suitable nervous system and sensory receptors, opioid receptors and reduced responses to noxious stimuli when given analgesics and local anaesthetics, physiological changes to noxious stimuli, displaying protective motor reactions, exhibiting avoidance learning and ...
Most books about animal behavior, Thorndike wrote, "do not give us a psychology, but rather a eulogy of animals". Although Wolfgang Köhler's [162] experiments are often cited as providing support for the animal cognition hypothesis, his book is replete with counterexamples. For instance, he placed chimpanzees in a situation where they could ...
Morrell authored Animal Wise: The Thoughts and Emotions of Our Fellow Creatures, which was named by Kirkus Reviews as one of the Best Books of 2013 on Nature and the Environment. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The book documents research on animal cognition that reveals the mental and emotional lives of animals including ants, dogs, elephants, fish and parrots.
Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology is an 1897 book by the American scholar and early animal rights advocate Edward Payson Evans. It is an in-depth exploration of the intersection between ethical theory and animal psychology , with a particular focus on the rights of animals and the moral obligations humans have toward them.
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Morals, Reason, and Animals is a 1987 book by American philosopher Steve F. Sapontzis. It examines whether humans should give moral consideration to nonhuman animals and the practical implications of this.