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A novel strain of Escherichia coli O104:H4 bacteria caused a serious outbreak of foodborne illness focused in northern Germany in May through June 2011. The illness was characterized by bloody diarrhea, with a high frequency of serious complications, including hemolytic–uremic syndrome (HUS), a condition that requires urgent treatment.
Untreated ≈98.5% From 1962 to 2022 there have been 157 recorded cases of the infection in United States, only 4 of those 157 individuals survived the disease. A combination of drugs have shown effectiveness in survivors. [11] Glanders, septicemic: Bacterial Untreated 95% The rate drops significantly to >50% with treatment. [12]
A common mode of E. coli O104:H4 infection involves ingestion of fecally contaminated food; the disease can thus be considered a foodborne illness.Most recently in 2011, an outbreak of the O104:H4 strain in Germany caused the deaths of several people, and hundreds were hospitalised.
E. coli is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, nonsporulating coliform bacterium. [18] Cells are typically rod-shaped, and are about 2.0 μm long and 0.25–1.0 μm in diameter, with a cell volume of 0.6–0.7 μm 3. [19] [20] [21] E. coli stains gram-negative because its cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.
Unlike the general coliform group, E. coli are almost exclusively of fecal origin and their presence is thus an effective confirmation of fecal contamination. Most strains of E. coli are harmless, but some can cause serious illness in humans. Infection symptoms and signs include bloody diarrhea, stomach cramps, vomiting and occasionally, fever.
Symptoms of intestinal infection usually begin between 8 and 52 hours after you have been infected with E.coli, [2] this is the incubation period. The incubation period is the time between catching an infection and symptoms appearing. [12] Symptoms: abdominal cramping, pain or tenderness; watery or mucoidy diarrhea; nausea and vomiting, in some ...
E. coli (EIEC) found only in humans Bloody or nonbloody EIEC infection causes a syndrome that is identical to shigellosis, with profuse diarrhea and high fever. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) found in humans, cattle, and goats Bloody or nonbloody The most infamous member of this pathotype is strain O157:H7, which causes bloody diarrhea and no ...
[2] [failed verification] The ones that do are collectively known as enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and are major causes of foodborne illness. When infecting the large intestine of humans, they often cause gastroenteritis , enterocolitis , and bloody diarrhea (hence the name "enterohemorrhagic") and sometimes cause a severe complication ...