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Various Christian groups have criticized the Pentecostal and charismatic movement for too much attention to mystical manifestations, such as glossolalia (which, for a believer, would be the obligatory sign of a baptism with the Holy Spirit); along with falls to the ground, moans and cries during worship services, as well as anti-intellectualism.
Pentecostal Christianity was established under the work of Charles Fox Parham and William Joseph Seymour. [6] Charles Fox Parham was originally a Wesleyan-Holiness preacher, and in 1901, under his ministry "a student had spoken in tongues (glossolalia)" and Parham thought this to be evidence of baptism in the Holy Spirit . [ 6 ]
In contrast to Bernard's theory, mainstream Christian scholars suggest the writings of Ignatius and Irenaeus teach an eternal Trinity, [9] [105] though Norris disagrees with them in his book I AM: A Oneness Pentecostal Theology, writing, "While Ignatius can on occasion utilize the language of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, he does not have ...
As a result, most of the Pentecostal denominations founded after 1911 adhered to the finished work doctrine. [27] This can be seen in Finished Work Pentecostal denominations such as the Assemblies of God, [15] the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel, [28] [8] the Open Bible Churches, Elim Fellowship, and the Pentecostal Church of God. [7]
The Church of God in Christ (COGIC) is an international Holiness–Pentecostal Christian denomination, [2] [4] and a large Pentecostal denomination in the United States. [5] Although an international and multi-ethnic religious organization, it has a predominantly African-American membership based within the United States.
According to the church, over 100,000 people attend services each week at the church or one of its 80 affiliated churches located worldwide (around 40,000 in Australia). [4] Scholars in recent years, such as Sam Hey, have noted the growth in Pentecostal membership accelerated in the 1970s with an increase in the "youth generation". [2]
The Pentecostal belief in personal experience, Spirit baptism as empowerment for service, and the need for evangelists and missionaries encouraged women to be active in all types of ministry. What concerned some Pentecostal leaders, such as Bell, were women exercising independent authority over men.
Christian men are to wear their hair short and Christian women must never cut or remove their hair, wearing it long in order to have a definitive distinction of male and female sexes. As a continuation, in Kerala many Traditional Pentecostal denominations do not wear ornaments depending upon the denomination they are part of.