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energy: joule (J) Young's modulus: pascal (Pa) or newton per square meter (N/m 2) eccentricity: unitless Euler's number (2.71828, base of the natural logarithm) unitless electron: unitless elementary charge: coulomb (C) force: newton (N) Faraday constant: coulombs per mole (C⋅mol −1)
The equation PV = nRT represents the ideal gas law, where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature. Gibbs's free energy formula
SI symbol Name Value SI symbol Name 10 −1 M dM decimolar 10 1 M daM decamolar 10 −2 M cM centimolar 10 2 M hM hectomolar 10 −3 M mM millimolar 10 3 M kM kilomolar 10 −6 M μM micromolar 10 6 M MM megamolar 10 −9 M nM nanomolar 10 9 M GM gigamolar 10 −12 M pM picomolar 10 12 M TM teramolar 10 −15 M fM femtomolar 10 15 M PM petamolar
In physics and chemistry, it is common to measure energy on the atomic scale in the non-SI, but convenient, units electronvolts (eV). 1 eV is equivalent to the kinetic energy acquired by an electron in passing through a potential difference of 1 volt in a vacuum. It is common to use the SI magnitude prefixes (e.g. milli-, mega- etc) with ...
The table usually lists only one name and symbol that is most commonly used. The final column lists some special properties that some of the quantities have, such as their scaling behavior (i.e. whether the quantity is intensive or extensive ), their transformation properties (i.e. whether the quantity is a scalar , vector , matrix or tensor ...
some form of energy of a substance (for chemistry enthalpy H is common), entropy of a substance S; the electronegativity of an atom or chemical bond χ. Usually the symbol for the quantity with a subscript of some reference to the quantity is used, or the quantity is written with the reference to the chemical in round brackets.
List of orders of magnitude for energy; Factor (joules) SI prefix Value Item 10 −34: 6.626 × 10 −34 J: Energy of a photon with a frequency of 1 hertz. [1]8 × 10 −34 J: Average kinetic energy of translational motion of a molecule at the lowest temperature reached (38 picokelvin [2] as of 2021)
The SI value of the mole was chosen on the basis of the historical definition of the mole as the amount of substance that corresponds to the number of atoms in 12 grams of 12 C, [1] which made the mass of a mole of a compound expressed in grams, numerically equal to the average molecular mass or formula mass of the compound expressed in daltons.