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This is a collection of temperature conversion formulas and comparisons among eight different temperature scales, several of which have long been obsolete.. Temperatures on scales that either do not share a numeric zero or are nonlinearly related cannot correctly be mathematically equated (related using the symbol =), and thus temperatures on different scales are more correctly described as ...
where p is the vapor pressure, T is temperature (in °C or in K according to the value of C) and A, B and C are component-specific constants. The simplified form with C set to zero: = is the August equation, after the German physicist Ernst Ferdinand August (1795–1870). The August equation describes a linear relation between the logarithm ...
If k = 1, the chain reaction is critical and the neutron population will remain constant. In an infinite medium, neutrons cannot leak out of the system and the multiplication factor becomes the infinite multiplication factor, k = k ∞ {\displaystyle k=k_{\infty }} , which is approximated by the four-factor formula.
Since the pressure of the standard formation reaction is fixed at 1 bar, the standard formation enthalpy or reaction heat is a function of temperature. For tabulation purposes, standard formation enthalpies are all given at a single temperature: 298 K, represented by the symbol Δ f H ⦵ 298 K.
Although Boltzmann first linked entropy and probability in 1877, the relation was never expressed with a specific constant until Max Planck first introduced k, and gave a more precise value for it (1.346 × 10 −23 J/K, about 2.5% lower than today's figure), in his derivation of the law of black-body radiation in 1900–1901. [11]
In thermodynamics, the ebullioscopic constant K b relates molality b to boiling point elevation. [1] It is the ratio of the latter to the former: = i is the van 't Hoff factor, the number of particles the solute splits into or forms when dissolved. b is the molality of the solution.
J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p? J/(mol K) Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid: −118.910 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 171.0 J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p: 98.36 J/(mol K) Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o gas: −104.7 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o gas: 269.91 J/(mol K ...
A mathematical constant is a key number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]