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The Madiun Affair (Indonesian: Peristiwa Madiun), known locally as the Communist Party of Indonesia rebellion of 1948 (Indonesian: Pemberontakan Partai Komunis Indonesia 1948), was an armed conflict between the government of the self-proclaimed Republic of Indonesia and the left-wing opposition group Front Demokrasi Rakyat (FDR, People's Democratic Front) during the Indonesian National ...
A declassified CIA report from 1999 refutes claims that the 1948 Madiun incident was intended to establish a Soviet-aligned regime. Instead, the report describes the event as a conflict between two official armed forces, resulting in the temporary appointment of a regional head of government in Madiun on September 18, 1948.
Under Aidit, the PKI grew rapidly—from 3,000–5,000 in 1950 to 165,000 in 1954 and 1.5 million in 1959. [18] The PKI led a series of militant strikes in August 1951 which were followed by clamp-downs in Medan and Jakarta, and the party leadership briefly went underground.
Amir Sjarifuddin Harahap was born in Medan, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), on 27 April 1907. [1] He was born into the Sumatran aristocracy.His grandfather, Mangaraja Monang, was a Batak nobleman – who had been baptized into Christianity and named Ephraim – with the title of Sutan Gunung Tua. [2]
Madiun was the site of a noted uprising in 1948 by elements of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), the "Madiun Affair". After the signing of the Renville Agreement that year, guerrilla units and militias under the influence of PKI were ordered to disband. In Madiun a group of PKI militia refused to disarm and were killed in September.
Until the Madiun Affair, a communist uprising in September 1948, SOBSI was the sole relevant trade union force in the country. [16] When the uprising broke out in the town of Madiun, several of the communist SOBSI leaders went underground. [17] Many SOBSI leaders were killed or went into exile when the revolt was subsequently crushed. [1]
Munawar Musso (1897 – 31 October 1948), commonly known as Musso, was an Indonesian revolutionary and political figure who was the leader of the Communist Party of Indonesia and one of the key figures in the 1948 Madiun affair.
Pro-PKI supporters withdraw to Madiun. 18 September: PKI supporters take over strategic points in the Madiun area, kill pro-government officers, and announce over radio the formation of a new National Front government. Caught off guard by the premature coup attempt, Musso, Amir and other PKI leaders travel to Madiun to take charge.