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The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such ...
Before 1995, no peer-reviewed studies had been published investigating the safety of genetically modified food using human or animal feeding trials. [2] In 1995 the Scottish Agriculture Environment and Fisheries Department commissioned a £1.6 million three-year research study to assess the safety of genetically engineered Desiree Red potatoes. [3]
After the ruling, glyphosate-resistant sugar beets could not be planted until USDA-APHIS filed an environmental impact statement (EIS), the purpose of which is to determine if environmental issues have negative effects on humans and the environment, and it may take two to three years to complete the study. After the EIS is completed, USDA-APHIS ...
Likewise, a study of the rhetoric used in public policy debates about genetically modified food in Ghana showed that conspiracy theories were a feature of a civil society opposition to GMOs: Government and scientists were denying the claim that GMO was discriminatory and posed significant human health risk, as well as the call to action to do ...
The study showed Māori had held strong views about genetically modified organisms and were informed on the effects of biotechnology by cultural values such as whakapapa, mauri (life force), mana, and kaitiakitanga to provide a "cultural scaffold for considering the philosophical, moral, ethical and technical dimensions relevant to the use of ...
In 1986 the OSTP assigned regulatory approval of genetically modified plants in the US to the USDA, FDA and EPA. [10] The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was adopted on 29 January 2000 and entered into force on 11 September 2003. [11] It is an international treaty that governs the transfer, handling, and use of genetically modified (GM) organisms.
Genetic pollution is a term for uncontrolled [1] [2] gene flow into wild populations. It is defined as "the dispersal of contaminated altered genes from genetically engineered organisms to natural organisms, esp. by cross-pollination", [3] but has come to be used in some broader ways.
The Civil Code of the People's Republic of China was amended in 2020, adding Article 1009, which states: "any medical research activity associated with human gene and human embryo must comply with the relevant laws, administrative regulations and national regulation, must not harm individuals and violate ethical morality and public interest."