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Camphora officinarum is a species of evergreen tree indigenous to warm temperate to subtropical regions of East Asia, including countries such as China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Korea, and Japan. It is known by various names, most notably the camphor tree, camphorwood or camphor laurel. [1] [2] [3]
Camphor (/ ˈ k æ m f ər /) is a waxy, colorless solid with a strong aroma. [5] It is classified as a terpenoid and a cyclic ketone.It is found in the wood of the camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora), a large evergreen tree found in East Asia; and in the kapur tree (Dryobalanops sp.), a tall timber tree from South East Asia.
Camphora parthenoxylon is an evergreen tree, which grows up to 50 metres tall. [1] [11] with a trunk to 60 cm in diameter. [11] The tree has gray to brown bark. Its leaves are glossy green ovals 7–10 cm long with a point at the end. Like many plants in the Lauraceae, the leaves give off a pleasant smell when crushed. The flowers appear in ...
Dryobalanops aromatica, commonly known as Borneo camphor, camphor tree, Malay camphor, or Sumatran camphor, [3] is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The species name aromatica is derived from Latin ( aromaticus meaning spice-like) and refers to the smell of the dammar (resin).
The species of Camphora are evergreen trees or shrubs. Their leaves are alternate and pinnately veined or weakly tripliveined, which differed from the opposite or subopposite and tripliveined leaves of Cinnamomum species. [1]
Foliage of Cinnamomum glanduliferum. Cinnamomum glanduliferum is an evergreen tree reaching a height around 5–20 m (16–66 ft). Leaves are shiny, dark green, alternate, petiolated, elliptic to ovate or lanceolate, 6–15 cm (2.4–5.9 in) long and 4–6.5 cm (1.6–2.6 in) wide.
For a tree from the family Dipterocarpaceae, it takes approximately 100 years to reach a height of 30 meters. [3] Most of the species that are sold as kapur are listed on the IUCN Red List for endangered species. For example, D. fusca is critically endangered. [4] Overexploitation has led to large scale deforestation in the tropics.
Camphora: camphor tree (Camphora officinarum) Laurus: bay laurel (Laurus nobilis) Persea: avocado (Persea americana) Loss of habitat and overexploitation for such products has put many species in danger of extinction as a result of overcutting, extensive illegal logging, and habitat conversion. [7] [8] [9] [10]