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The main causes of water scarcity in Africa are physical and economic water scarcity, rapid population growth, and the effects of climate change on the water cycle. Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand . [ 1 ]
Communal tap (standpost) for drinking water in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa. May 2005. Groundwater plays a key role in sustaining water supplies and livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa especially due to its widespread availability, generally high quality, and intrinsic ability to buffer episodes of drought and increasing climate variability.
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The main causes of water scarcity in Africa are physical and economic water scarcity, rapid population growth, and the effects of climate change on the water cycle. Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand . [ 125 ]
Water scarcity: Water demand exceeds supply in many regions of the world. This can be due to population growth, higher living standards, general economic expansion and/or greater quantities of water used in agriculture for irrigation. Increasing water pollution and low levels of wastewater treatment, which is making local water unusable.
The DRC is the most water-rich country in Africa. It accounts for approximately 52 percent of Africa's surface water reserves and 23 percent of Africa's internal renewable water resources. [5] The internal renewable freshwater resources per capita were estimated at 14,406 m 3 /person/year in 2008. [6]
Water stress is one parameter to measure water scarcity. It is useful in the context of Sustainable Development Goal 6. [16] Half a billion people live in areas with severe water scarcity throughout the year, [11] [14] and around four billion people face severe water scarcity at least one month per year.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. [55] The rainfall in sub-Saharan Africa is highly seasonal and unevenly distributed, leading to frequent floods and droughts. [56] The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations reported in 2012 that growing water scarcity is now one of the ...