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The Practice and Theory of Individual Psychology is a work on psychology by Alfred Adler, first published in 1924.In his work, Adler develops his personality theory, suggesting that the situation into which a person is born, such as family size, sex of siblings, and birth order, plays an important part in personality development. [1]
Following Adler's break from Freud, he enjoyed considerable success and celebrity in building an independent school of psychotherapy and a unique personality theory. He traveled and lectured for a period of 25 years promoting his socially oriented approach.
Individual psychology (German: Individualpsychologie) is a psychological method and school of thought founded by the Austrian psychiatrist Alfred Adler. [1] [2] The English edition of Adler's work on the subject (1925), The Practice and Theory of Individual Psychology, is a collection of papers and lectures given mainly between 1912 and 1914.
Adler was influenced by the writings of Hans Vaihinger, and his concept of fictionalism, mental constructs, or working models of how to interpret the world. [1] From them he evolved his notion of the teleological goal of an individual's personality, a fictive ideal, which he later elaborated with the means for attaining it into the whole style of life.
Personality is complex; a typical theory of personality contains several propositions or sub-theories, often growing over time as more psychologists explore the theory. [ 10 ] The most widely accepted empirical model of durable, universal personality descriptors is the system of Big Five personality traits : conscientiousness , agreeableness ...
In modern times, the initial work, development, theories, and therapies of Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler and Otto Rank have grown into three main perspectives on depth psychology: Psychoanalytic: Melanie Klein and Donald Winnicott (among others); object relations theory; Neo-Freudianism; Adlerian: Adler's individual psychology
This theory would also be extended to humans. Alfred Adler (1879–1937) measured "activity" (connected with "energy") against "social interest", yielding the four "styles of life": [3] Ruling or Dominant type: high activity, low social interest; Getting or Leaning type: low activity, high social interest; Avoiding type: low activity, low ...
"The best-known of these dissenters are Alfred Adler and Carl Jung.… The Dissidents." [3] An interest in the social approach to psychodynamics was the major theme linking the so-called neo-Freudians: Alfred Adler had perhaps been "the first to explore and develop a comprehensive social theory of the psychodynamic self."