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A spar is a marine structure, used for floating oil/gas platforms. Named after navigation channel Spar buoys, spar platforms were developed as an extreme deepwater alternative to conventional platforms. [1] The deep draft design of spars makes them less affected by wind, wave, and currents and allows for both dry tree and subsea production.
Cylindrical fuel storage tank with fixed roof and internal floating roof. Capacity approx 2,000,000 litres. The word "tank" originally meant "artificial lake" and came from India, perhaps via Portuguese tanque. It may have some connection with: Some Indian language words similar to "tak" or "tank" and meaning "reservoir for water".
A floating storage and offloading unit (FSO) is essentially an FPSO without the capability for oil or gas processing. [1] Most FSOs are converted single hull supertankers . An example is Knock Nevis , ex Seawise Giant , which for many years was the world's largest ship.
Typically, annual boat maintenance costs about 10 percent of the cost of the boat itself. For example, a boat that cost $20,000 to purchase would cost roughly $2,000 a year to maintain. Examples ...
The storage tanks at an oil terminal may include fixed roof tanks, internal floating roof tanks [10] and external floating roof tanks. [1] Floating roof tanks are generally used for more volatile products to reduce evaporation loss. Fixed roof tanks have a vapor space above the product, which breathes in or out as the product is removed or the ...
The roof rises and falls with the liquid level in the tank. [1] As opposed to a fixed roof tank there is no vapor space in the floating roof tank (except for very low liquid level situations). In principle, this eliminates tank breathing loss and greatly reduces the evaporative loss of the stored liquid. There is a rim seal system between the ...
A fixed roof tank is a type of storage tank, used to store liquids, consisting of a cone- or dome-shaped roof that is permanently affixed to a cylindrical shell. Newer storage tanks are typically fully welded and designed to be both liquid- and vapor-tight. Older tanks, however, are often riveted or bolted, and are not vapor tight.
Cross section of a vessel with a single ballast tank at the bottom. A ballast tank is a compartment within a boat, ship or other floating structure that holds water, which is used as ballast to provide hydrostatic stability for a vessel, to reduce or control buoyancy, as in a submarine, to correct trim or list, to provide a more even load distribution along the hull to reduce structural ...